Trial reportInternational journal of gynecological cancer : official journal of the International Gynecological Cancer Society2014
A multicountry evaluation of careHPV testing, visual inspection with acetic acid, and papanicolaou testing for the detection of cervical cancer.
Trial report in International journal of gynecological cancer : official journal of the International Gynecological Cancer Society, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 99 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
99 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 175 citations in OpenAlex.
- Visual Inspection with Acetic Acid Positivity in Screening and Early Detection of Cervical Dysplasia in Africa, 2023: A Meta-Analysis.Ethiopian journal of health sciences · 2024Pooled it
- Challenges in the Implementation of Human Papillomavirus Self-Sampling for Cervical Cancer Screening in India: A Systematic Review.JCO global oncology · 2023Pooled it
- Evaluating the implementation of cervical cancer screening programs in low-resource settings globally: a systematized review.Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2020Pooled it
- Cost-effectiveness studies of HPV self-sampling: A systematic review.Preventive medicine · 2020Pooled it
- Detecting cervical precancer and reaching underscreened women by using HPV testing on self samples: updated meta-analyses.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2018Pooled it
- Implementing community-based cervical cancer screening programs using visual inspection with acetic acid in India: A systematic review.Cancer epidemiology · 2017Pooled it
- Cervical cancer prevention and treatment research in Africa: a systematic review from a public health perspective.BMC women's health · 2016Pooled it
- Performance of alternative strategies for primary cervical cancer screening in sub-Saharan Africa: systematic review and meta-analysis of diagnostic test accuracy studies.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2015Pooled it
- Effectiveness of Clinic-Based Patient-Led Human Papillomavirus DNA Self-Sampling among HIV-Infected Women in Uganda.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Trial
- Implementation of HPV Self-Sampling in Cervical Cancer Screening Programs: A Bibliometric Analysis of Research Output, Global Trends, and Collaboration Networks.BioMed research international · 2026Article
- Cervical cancer screening policies and implementation in Uganda - a qualitative study on policymakers', cervical cancer experts' and gynecologists' perspectives.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2025Article
- One-hour extraction-free loop-mediated isothermal amplification HPV DNA assay for point-of-care testing in Maputo, Mozambique.Nature communications · 2025Article
- MicroRNA-Based Liquid Biopsy for Cervical Cancer Diagnostics and Treatment Monitoring.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Cervical precancer screening using self-sampling, HPV DNA testing, and mobile colposcopy in a hard-to-reach community in Ghana: a pilot study.BMC cancer · 2024Article
- Early evaluation of a screen-and-treat strategy using high-risk HPV testing for Uganda: Implications for screening coverage and treatment.Journal of global health · 2024Article
- Cervical Cancer Screening via Visual Inspection With Acetic Acid and Lugol Iodine for Triage of HPV-Positive Women.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- Prevalence of genital high-risk human papillomavirus infections and associated factors among women living with human immunodeficiency virus in Uganda.BMC cancer · 2024Article
- Cervical cancer screening program in Indonesia: is it time for HPV-DNA tests? Results of a qualitative study exploring the stakeholders' perspectives.BMC women's health · 2024Article
- Acceptability of Integrated Community-Based HIV and Cervical Cancer Screening in Mayuge District, Uganda.JCO global oncology · 2024Article
- Human papillomavirus self-sampling versus provider-sampling in low- and middle-income countries: a scoping review of accuracy, acceptability, cost, uptake, and equity.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
39 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveThis study evaluates the feasibility and performance of careHPV, a novel human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA test, when used for screening women for cervical cancer in low-resource settings. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Clinician-collected (cervical) and self-collected (vaginal) careHPV specimens, visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA), and Papanicolaou test were evaluated among 16,951 eligible women in India, Nicaragua, and Uganda. Women with positive screening results received colposcopy and histologic follow-up as indicated. The positivity of each screening method was calculated overall, by site, and age. In addition, the clinical performance of each screening test was determined for detection of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grade 2 (CIN2+) and CIN grade 3.
resultsModerate or severe dysplasia or cancer (taken together as CIN2+) was diagnosed in 286 women. The positivity rate ranged between 2.4% to 19.6% for vaginal careHPV, 2.9% to 20.2% for cervical careHPV, 5.5% to 34.4% for VIA, and 2.8% to 51.8% for Papanicolaou test. Cervical careHPV was the most sensitive for CIN2+ (81.5%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 76.5-85.8) and CIN grade 3 (85.3%; 95% CI, 78.6-90.6) at all sites, followed by vaginal careHPV (69.6% and 71.3%, respectively). The sensitivity of VIA ranged from 21.9% to 73.6% and Papanicolaou test from 40.7% to 73.7%. The pooled specificities of cervical careHPV, vaginal careHPV, VIA, and Papanicolaou test were 91.6%, 90.6%, 84.2%, and 87.7%, respectively.
conclusionscareHPV performed well in large multicountry demonstration studies conducted in resource-limited settings that have not previously been conducted this type of testing; its sensitivity using cervical samples or vaginal self-collected samples was better than VIA or Papanicolaou test. The feasibility of using careHPV in self-collected vaginal samples opens the possibility of increasing coverage and early detection in resource-constrained areas.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.