Observational studyInternational urogynecology journal2014
Effect of levator ani muscle injury on primiparous women during the first year after childbirth.
Observational study in International urogynecology journal, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Association Between Levator Ani Integrity and Postpartum Ano-Rectal Dysfunction: A Systematic Review.International urogynecology journal · 2025Pooled it
- Association between levator ani avulsion and urinary incontinence in women: A systematic review and meta-analysis.International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics · 2021Pooled it
- Tools for fecal incontinence assessment: lessons for inflammatory bowel disease trials based on a systematic review.United European gastroenterology journal · 2020Pooled it
- The usual suspect: cross-sectional study of fundal pressure at second stage of delivery and the association with pelvic floor damage.International urogynecology journal · 2021Trial
- Is There a Difference in Hiatal Area on Straining Between Type I and II Levator Avulsions?International urogynecology journal · 2026Observational
- Passive Mechanical Testing of Female Human Levator Ani and Superficial Perineal Muscles.Annals of biomedical engineering · 2026Article
- Knowledge Mapping Analysis of Research on Pregnancy-Related Pelvic Girdle Pain (PPGP) from 2002 to 2022 Using Bibliometrics.Journal of pain research · 2024Article
- An International Continence Society (ICS)/ International Urogynecological Association (IUGA) joint report on the terminology for the assessment and management of obstetric pelvic floor disorders.International urogynecology journal · 2023Article
- Multicenter study of the evolution of different types of avulsion over the 12 months after delivery.International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics · 2023Observational
- Fundal pressure in the second stage of labor (Kristeller maneuver) and levator ani avulsion.International urogynecology journal · 2021Article
- Prevalence of levator ani muscle avulsion and effect on quality of life in women with pelvic organ prolapse.International urogynecology journal · 2018Article
- Questionnaires to evaluate pelvic floor dysfunction in the postpartum period: a systematic review.International journal of women's health · 2018Review
- Comment on Vergeldt et al.: Risk factors for pelvic organ prolapse and its recurrence: a systematic review.International urogynecology journal · 2016Article
- Evaluation of labor-related pelvic floor changes 3 months after delivery: a 3D transperineal ultrasound study.International urogynecology journal · 2015Observational
- Alteration of anal sphincter function in patients with levator avulsion: observational study.International urogynecology journal · 2015Observational
- Comparison of levator ani muscle avulsion injury after forceps-assisted and vacuum-assisted vaginal childbirth.Obstetrics and gynecology · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introduction and hypothesisTo evaluate the effect of levator ani muscle (LAM) injury on pelvic floor disorders and health-related quality of life in Chinese primiparous women during the first year after delivery.
methodsAt 8 weeks and 12 months after delivery, 328 women were assessed for symptoms of pelvic floor disorders and quality of life using the standardised questionnaire, POP-Q; and translabial ultrasound to detect LAM injury. Descriptive analysis, independent sample t test, non-parametric testing, Chi-squared test and two-sided Fisher's exact test were used.
resultsAt 8 weeks after delivery, 48 (19.0% [95% CI, 14.2-23.8%]) women with vaginal delivery had LAM injury; 38 women (79.2%) had persistent LAM injury at 12 months. At 8 weeks, LAM injury was associated with prolapse symptoms, descent at Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification (POP-Q) Aa and Ba points and a higher Pelvic Organ Prolapse Distress Inventory (POPDI) general and Urinary Distress Inventory (UDI) Obstructive subscale score. At 12 months, it was not associated with prolapse symptoms, Pelvic Floor Distress Inventory (PFDI) or Pelvic Floor Impact Questionnaire (PFIQ). There was also no association between stress urinary incontinence (SUI), urge urinary incontinence (UUI), mixed urinary incontinence (UI), faecal incontinence (FI) with LAM injury at both time points.
conclusionsSeventy-nine per cent of women who had LAM injury at 8 weeks after vaginal delivery had persistent LAM injury at 12 months. LAM injury was associated with prolapse symptoms, lower POP-Q Aa and Ba points at 8 weeks after delivery and a higher POPDI general and UDI Obstructive subscale scoring. However, we are not able to confirm the association between LAM injury and SUI, UUI, mixed UI, FI at 8 weeks or 12 months after delivery; or prolapse symptoms, PFDI or PFIQ scores at 12 months after delivery.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.