Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24554725›Full record

ArticleCerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)2015

The Genetic Association Between Neocortical Volume and General Cognitive Ability Is Driven by Global Surface Area Rather Than Thickness.

Eero Vuoksimaa, Matthew S Panizzon, Chi-Hua Chen, Mark Fiecas, Lisa T Eyler, Christine Fennema-Notestine, Donald J Hagler, Bruce Fischl, Carol E Franz, Amy Jak and 7 more

Abstract readTwin Study
In one paragraph

Article in Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991), 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
51citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

51 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Observational
  7. Cerebral cortical structures linked to intelligence.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
    Article
  8. A lifespan perspective on cognitive reserve and risk for dementia.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Cortical Surface Area Profile Mediates Effects of Childhood Disadvantage on Later-Life General Cognitive Ability.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2024
    Article
  11. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors.

Eero VuoksimaaDepartment of Psychiatry Center for Behavioral Genomics Twin Research Laboratory Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Matthew S PanizzonDepartment of Psychiatry Center for Behavioral Genomics Twin Research Laboratory.
Chi-Hua ChenDepartment of Psychiatry Center for Behavioral Genomics Twin Research Laboratory.
Mark FiecasDepartment of Psychiatry Center for Behavioral Genomics Twin Research Laboratory.
Lisa T EylerDepartment of Psychiatry Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA.
Christine Fennema-NotestineDepartment of Psychiatry Department of Radiology and.
Donald J HaglerDepartment of Radiology and.
Bruce FischlDepartment of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA Computer Science and AI Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Carol E FranzDepartment of Psychiatry Center for Behavioral Genomics Twin Research Laboratory.
Amy JakDepartment of Psychiatry Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, VA San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Michael J LyonsDepartment of Psychology, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
Michael C NealeVirginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA.
Daniel A RinkerDepartment of Psychiatry Department of Radiology and.
Wesley K ThompsonDepartment of Psychiatry.
Ming T TsuangDepartment of Psychiatry Center for Behavioral Genomics Twin Research Laboratory.
Anders M DaleDepartment of Radiology and Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
William S KremenDepartment of Psychiatry Center for Behavioral Genomics Twin Research Laboratory Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, VA San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, CA, USA.

Funding

The VETSA Longitudinal Twin Study of Cognition and Aging (VETSA 4)R01AG050595 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI ELMAN, JEREMY A, FRANZ, CAROL ELAINE · 2015 to 2024
$28.0M
The VETSA Longitudinal MRI Twin Study of AgingR01AG022381 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI KREMEN, WILLIAM S. · 2003 to 2019
$22.3M
The VETSA Longitudinal Twin Study of Cognition and AgingR01AG018384 · NIA · BOSTON UNIVERSITY (CHARLES RIVER CAMPUS) · PI LYONS, MICHAEL J. · 2002 to 2012
$9.8M
The VETSA longitudinal twin study of cognition and agingR01AG018386 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI KREMEN, WILLIAM S. · 2002 to 2012
$9.7M
The VETSA Longitudinal Twin Study of Cortisol and AgingR01AG022982 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI KREMEN, WILLIAM S. · 2004 to 2007
$2.6M
Testosterone-Androgen Receptor Genetics: Role in Cognitive and Biological AgingK08AG047903 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI PANIZZON, MATTHEW S · 2014 to 2017
$452k
NIA NIH HHS AG022381NIA NIH HHS AG022982NIA NIH HHS K08 AG047903NIA NIH HHS R01 AG018384NIA NIH HHS R01 AG018386NIA NIH HHS R01 AG022381NIA NIH HHS R01 AG022982NIA NIH HHS R01 AG050595
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Total gray matter volume is associated with general cognitive ability (GCA), an association mediated by genetic factors. It is expectable that total neocortical volume should be similarly associated with GCA. Neocortical volume is the product of thickness and surface area, but global thickness and surface area are unrelated phenotypically and genetically in humans. The nature of the genetic association between GCA and either of these 2 cortical dimensions has not been examined. Humans possess greater cognitive capacity than other species, and surface area increases appear to be the primary driver of the increased size of the human cortex. Thus, we expected neocortical surface area to be more strongly associated with cognition than thickness. Using multivariate genetic analysis in 515 middle-aged twins, we demonstrated that both the phenotypic and genetic associations between neocortical volume and GCA are driven primarily by surface area rather than thickness. Results were generally similar for each of 4 specific cognitive abilities that comprised the GCA measure. Our results suggest that emphasis on neocortical surface area, rather than thickness, could be more fruitful for elucidating neocortical-GCA associations and identifying specific genes underlying those associations.

Indexed as

CognitionAnalysis of VarianceCerebral CortexGenetic Association StudiesHumansIntelligence TestsMagnetic Resonance ImagingMiddle AgedModels, GeneticMultivariate AnalysisOrgan SizeTwins, DizygoticTwins, Monozygoticcognitioncortexgenetic correlationheritabilitytwins

Identifiers

PMID24554725
PMCPMC4494025

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.