ArticleHuman vaccines & immunotherapeutics2014
Safety and efficacy of DNA vaccines: plasmids vs. minicircles.
Article in Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- A Systematic Review of Clinical Trials Using mRNA Vaccines for Infectious Diseases other than COVID-19.British journal of biomedical science · 2025Pooled it
- In Vivo Direct Reprogramming: Current Progress and Future Prospects from Mechanisms to Therapeutic Application.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- A Novel Effective Nanoadjuvant System for Poultry Vaccines.Vaccines · 2026Article
- Minicircle DNA Vaccines: Overcoming Delivery and Expression Barriers in Next-Generation Immunization.Vaccines · 2026Review
- Recent Developments in Lipid Nanoparticle-Mediated Delivery of Biotherapeutics and Gene Therapy Across the Blood-Brain Barrier.BioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy · 2026Review
- Targeting DNA-LNPs to Endothelial Cells Improves Expression Magnitude, Duration, and Specificity.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- E2 Protein of Chikungunya Virus: A Narrative Review of Its Potential as a Therapeutic Target.Current drug targets · 2026Review
- Progress and prospect of minicircle as a minimized non-viral DNA vector in gene therapy and regenerative medicine.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2025Review
- E2-based mRNA vaccine encapsulated in lipid nanoparticles protects pigs against classical swine fever virus.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- Review
- DNA Vaccines in the Post-mRNA Era: Engineering, Applications, and Emerging Innovations.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Next-generation vaccines against bacterial pathogens: mRNA and beyond.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- New insights for the development of efficient DNA vaccines.Microbial biotechnology · 2024Review
- A comprehensive comparison of DNA and RNA vaccines.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2024Review
- DNA Vaccines: Their Formulations, Engineering and Delivery.Vaccines · 2024Review
- The next-generation DNA vaccine platforms and delivery systems: advances, challenges and prospects.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- DNA vaccines as promising immuno-therapeutics against cancer: a new insight.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Reversible, Covalent DNA Condensation Approach Using Chemical Linkers for Enhanced Gene Delivery.Nano letters · 2023Article
- Protective RNA nanovaccines againstFrontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Preclinical study of a DNA vaccine targeting SARS-CoV-2.Current research in translational medicine · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
- Comment on
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
While DNA vaccination using plasmid vectors is highly attractive, there is a need for further vector optimization regarding safety, stability, and efficiency. In this commentary, we review the minicircle vector (MC), which is an entity devoid of plasmid bacterial sequences, as an alternative to the traditional plasmid construct. The commentary highlights the recent discovery by Stenler et al. (2014) that the small size of an MC enables improved resistance to the shearing forces associated with e.g. pneumatic delivery methods. This observation may have implications for the regulatory agencies' requirement of plasmid integrity and quality.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.