ReviewPLoS neglected tropical diseases2014
Impairment of T cell function in parasitic infections.
Review in PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
52 citing papers in PubMed, 88 citations in OpenAlex.
- A strategic discovery roadmap towards high-quality leads and drug development candidates for kinetoplastid diseases. Part 2: from molecule to confirmed hit.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2026Review
- Serum sPD-1 as a marker of T cell exhaustion in ART-naïve, ART-experienced, and intestinal parasite co-infected HIV-positive adults at the university of Gondar comprehensive specialized hospital, Northwest Ethiopia, 2024.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Unsupervised machine learning identifies biomarkers of disease progression in post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis in Sudan.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Article
- Protein swarm-based cause-effect analysis: effects of microRNAs on cooperation networks linking COVID-19 infections, atherosclerosis, and Alzheimer's disease.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2025Article
- Upregulation of CD244 promotes CD8Parasites & vectors · 2024Article
- Persistent T cell unresponsiveness associated with chronic visceral leishmaniasis in HIV-coinfected patients.Communications biology · 2024Article
- Uncovering the diversity of pathogenic invaders: insights into protozoa, fungi, and worm infections.Frontiers in microbiology · 2024Review
- Standardizing an Experimental Murine Model of Extraparenchymal Neurocysticercosis That Immunologically Resembles Human Infection.Brain sciences · 2023Article
- Exhausted PD-1Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Identification and Validation of Hub Genes for Predicting Treatment Targets and Immune Landscape in Rheumatoid Arthritis.BioMed research international · 2022Article
- Role of the Complement System in the Modulation of T-Cell Responses in Chronic Chagas Disease.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Review
- Role of the PD-1/PD-L1 Pathway in ExperimentalFrontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- T Lymphocyte Exhaustion During Human and Experimental Visceral Leishmaniasis.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- HIV and Chagas Disease: An Evaluation of the Use of Real-Time Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction to Measure Levels of Trypanosoma cruzi Parasitemia in HIV Patients in Cochabamba, Bolivia.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2021Observational
- Management of cell death in parasitic infections.Seminars in immunopathology · 2021Review
- Reduced Trypanosoma cruzi-specific humoral response and enhanced T cell immunity after treatment interruption with benznidazole in chronic Chagas disease.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2021Article
- Article
- Article
- Phenotypic Characterization of CD4Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Non-human primates andCytokine: X · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In mammals subverted as hosts by protozoan parasites, the latter and/or the agonists they release are detected and processed by sensors displayed by many distinct immune cell lineages, in a tissue(s)-dependent context. Focusing on the T lymphocyte lineage, we review our present understanding on its transient or durable functional impairment over the course of the developmental program of the intracellular parasites Leishmania spp., Plasmodium spp., Toxoplasma gondii, and Trypanosoma cruzi in their mammalian hosts. Strategies employed by protozoa to down-regulate T lymphocyte function may act at the initial moment of naïve T cell priming, rendering T cells anergic or unresponsive throughout infection, or later, exhausting T cells due to antigen persistence. Furthermore, by exploiting host feedback mechanisms aimed at maintaining immune homeostasis, parasites can enhance T cell apoptosis. We will discuss how infections with prominent intracellular protozoan parasites lead to a general down-regulation of T cell function through T cell anergy and exhaustion, accompanied by apoptosis, and ultimately allowing pathogen persistence.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.