Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24551133›Full record

ArticlePloS one2014

A fluorescence-coupled assay for gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) reveals metabolic stress-induced modulation of GABA content in neuroendocrine cancer.

Joseph E Ippolito, David Piwnica-Worms

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
20citing papers in PubMed
3.3field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

20 citing papers in PubMed, 47 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  4. Microbiology spectrum · 2025
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  14. Article
  15. γ-Aminobutyric acid inhibits the proliferation and increases oxaliplatin sensitivity in human colon cancer cells.Tumour biology : the journal of the International Society for Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine · 2016
    Article
  16. Avoiding Fluorescence Assay Interference-The Case for Diaphorase.Assay and drug development technologies · 2016
    Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Joseph E IppolitoMallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America ; Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America.
David Piwnica-WormsMallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America ; BRIGHT Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America ; Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America.
The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center · USWashington University in St. Louis · US

Funding

Washington University Center for Cellular ImagingP30CA091842 · NCI · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI AIMEE S JAMES · 2001 to 2026
$128.0M
WU-MDACC Inter-Institutional Molecular Imaging CenterP50CA094056 · NCI · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI PIWNICA-WORMS, DAVID · 2002 to 2016
$26.3M
NCI NIH HHS P30 CA091842NCI NIH HHS P50 CA094056NCI NIH HHS P50 CA94056
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Pathways involved in the synthesis of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of high grade neuroendocrine (NE) neoplasms as well as neoplasms from a non-NE lineage. Using The Cancer Genome Atlas, overexpression of the GABA synthetic enzyme, glutamate decarboxylase 1 (GAD1), was found to be associated with decreased disease free-survival in prostate adenocarcinoma and decreased overall survival in clear cell renal cell carcinomas. Furthermore, GAD1 was found to be expressed in castrate-resistant prostate cancer cell lines, but not androgen-responsive cell lines. Using a novel fluorescence-coupled enzymatic microplate assay for GABA mediated through reduction of resazurin in a prostate neuroendocrine carcinoma (PNEC) cell line, acid microenvironment-induced stress increased GABA levels while alkaline microenvironment-induced stress decreased GABA through modulation of GAD1 and glutamine synthetase (GLUL) activities. Moreover, glutamine but not glucose deprivation decreased GABA through modulation of GLUL. Consistent with evidence in prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms that GABA synthesis mediated through GAD1 may play a crucial role in surviving stress, GABA may be an important mediator of stress survival in neoplasms. These findings identify GABA synthesis and metabolism as a potentially important pathway for regulating cancer cell stress response as well as a potential target for therapeutic strategies.

Indexed as

Enzyme AssaysGene Expression Regulation, NeoplasticAdenocarcinomaAtlases as TopicCarcinoma, NeuroendocrineCell Line, TumorFluorescencegamma-Aminobutyric AcidGlucoseGlutamate-Ammonia LigaseGlutamate DecarboxylaseGlutamineHumansHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationMaleOxazinesgamma-Aminobutyric AcidGlucoseGlutamate-Ammonia LigaseGlutamate Decarboxylaseglutamate decarboxylase 1GlutamineOxazinesresazurinXanthenes

Identifiers

PMID24551133
PMCPMC3923810
OpenAlexW2152672555

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.