ReviewFrontiers in immunology2014
Malarial pigment hemozoin and the innate inflammatory response.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 76 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
76 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 163 citations in OpenAlex.
- Is diabetes associated with malaria and malaria severity? A systematic review of observational studies.Wellcome open research · 2019Pooled it
- Systematic Overview of Solid Particles and Their Host Responses.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Pooled it
- Cellular nucleic acid-binding protein (CNBP) dependent cytokine programming shapes host defense againstbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Article
- Article
- Hemozoin-induced immunomodulation and prostate carcinogenesis: mechanisms and implications.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- Chemical propulsion of hemozoin crystal motion in malaria parasites.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Aspartyl protease inhibition interferes with Plasmodium falciparum asexual blood-stage and early gametocyte development.Malaria journal · 2025Article
- Article
- Targeting anemia-induced CD71Infection and immunity · 2025Article
- Immunological and inflammatory responses in the kidneys in experimental acanthamoebiasis.Microbiology spectrum · 2025Article
- Emerging Molecular Mechanisms in Malaria Pathogenesis and Novel Therapeutic Approaches: A Focus onBiomolecules · 2025Review
- Oxidative stress in malaria and typhoid fever: A scoping review of the pathogenic mechanisms and therapeutic implications.PLOS global public health · 2025Article
- Intestinal barrier compromise, viral persistence, and immune dysregulation converge on neurological sequelae in Long COVID.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2025Review
- Targeting Malaria's Achilles' Heels: A Review of Plasmodium Life Cycle Vulnerabilities for Drug Discovery.Current topics in medicinal chemistry · 2025Review
- A Severe Case ofLife (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Cryo-tomography and 3D Electron Diffraction Reveal the Polar Habit and Chiral Structure of the Malaria Pigment Crystal Hemozoin.ACS central science · 2024Article
- Neutrophil activation, acute lung injury and disease severity in Plasmodium knowlesi malaria.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2024Article
- Post-Translational Modifications of Proteins of Malaria Parasites during the Life Cycle.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- In silico investigation of falcipain-2 inhibition by hybrid benzimidazole-thiosemicarbazone antiplasmodial agents: A molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation, and kinetics study.Molecular diversity · 2024Article
16 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Malaria is a deadly infectious disease caused by the intraerythrocytic protozoan parasite Plasmodium. The four species of Plasmodium known to affect humans all produce an inorganic crystal called hemozoin (HZ) during the heme detoxification process. HZ is released from the food vacuole into circulation during erythrocyte lysis, while the released parasites further infect additional naive red blood cells. Once in circulation, HZ is rapidly taken up by circulating monocytes and tissue macrophages, inducing the production of pro-inflammatory mediators, such as interleukin-1β (IL-1β). Over the last few years, it has been reported that HZ, similar to uric acid crystals, asbestos, and silica, is able to trigger IL-1β production via the activation of the NOD-like receptor containing pyrin domain 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome complex. Additionally, recent findings have shown that host factors, such as fibrinogen, have the ability to adhere to free HZ and modify its capacity to activate host immune cells. Although much has been discovered regarding NLRP3 inflammasome induction, the mechanism through which this intracellular multimolecular complex is activated remains unclear. In the present review, the most recent discoveries regarding the capacity of HZ to trigger this innate immune complex as well as the impact of HZ on several other inflammatory signaling pathways will be discussed.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.