Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24550267›Full record

ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2014

Mechanotransduction of fluid stresses governs 3D cell migration.

William J Polacheck, Alexandra E German, Akiko Mammoto, Donald E Ingber, Roger D Kamm

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 133 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
133citing papers in PubMed
10.5field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

133 citing papers in PubMed, 261 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Cell jamming transition is regulated by mitochondrial pyruvate transport and endocytosis.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
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  4. Review
  5. Article
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  8. Article
  9. Directed migration of cancer cells: a systems biophysics perspective.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026
    Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Microphysiological systems for metastasis research: a stepwise approach.Cellular oncology (Dordrecht, Netherlands) · 2025
    Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Understanding the Lymphatic System: Tissue-on-Chip Modeling.Annual review of biomedical engineering · 2025
    Review
  16. Article
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  19. Article
  20. Review

73 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

William J PolacheckDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139.
Alexandra E German
Akiko Mammoto
Donald E Ingber
Roger D Kamm
Massachusetts Institute of Technology · USBoston Children's Hospital · USHarvard–MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology · USHarvard University · US

Funding

Microfluidic 3D Assays for Metastatic CancerR33CA174550 · NCI · MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY · PI KAMM, ROGER D · 2013 to 2015
$1.1M
Microfluidic 3D Scaffold Assay for Cancer Cell Migration and IntravasationR21CA140096 · NCI · CHARLES STARK DRAPER LABORATORY · PI CHAREST, JOSEPH L. · 2009 to 2011
$672k
NCI NIH HHS R21 CA140096NCI NIH HHS R21CA140096NCI NIH HHS R33 CA174550NCI NIH HHS R33CA174550
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Solid tumors are characterized by high interstitial fluid pressure, which drives fluid efflux from the tumor core. Tumor-associated interstitial flow (IF) at a rate of ∼3 µm/s has been shown to induce cell migration in the upstream direction (rheotaxis). However, the molecular biophysical mechanism that underlies upstream cell polarization and rheotaxis remains unclear. We developed a microfluidic platform to investigate the effects of IF fluid stresses imparted on cells embedded within a collagen type I hydrogel, and we demonstrate that IF stresses result in a transcellular gradient in β1-integrin activation with vinculin, focal adhesion kinase (FAK), FAK(PY397), F actin, and paxillin-dependent protrusion formation localizing to the upstream side of the cell, where matrix adhesions are under maximum tension. This previously unknown mechanism is the result of a force balance between fluid drag on the cell and matrix adhesion tension and is therefore a fundamental, but previously unknown, stimulus for directing cell movement within porous extracellular matrix.

Indexed as

HydrodynamicsModels, BiologicalCell Line, TumorCell MovementExtracellular FluidExtracellular MatrixFocal AdhesionsGreen Fluorescent ProteinsHumansIntegrin beta1Mechanotransduction, CellularRNA, Small InterferingTransfectionVinculinGreen Fluorescent ProteinsIntegrin beta1RNA, Small InterferingVinculinbreast cancermechanobiologymetastasis

Identifiers

PMID24550267
PMCPMC3932905
OpenAlexW2023608795

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.