ArticleJournal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism2014
Changes in human brain glutamate concentration during hypoglycemia: insights into cerebral adaptations in hypoglycemia-associated autonomic failure in type 1 diabetes.
Article in Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neurochemical Profiles of Prefrontal Cortex and Hypothalamus at 3 and 7 T During Controlled Euglycemia: Evaluation in a Cohort With Type 1 Diabetes.NMR in biomedicine · 2025Article
- Increased Expression of Synaptic Vesicle Glycoprotein 2A (SV2A) in the Brain of Chronic Diabetic Rats.Synapse (New York, N.Y.) · 2025Article
- Alterations of the glutamatergic system in diabetes mellitus.Metabolic brain disease · 2024Review
- Brain Regulation of Cardiac Function during Hypoglycemia.Metabolites · 2023Review
- Acute administration of ketone beta-hydroxybutyrate downregulates 7T proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy-derived levels of anterior and posterior cingulate GABA and glutamate in healthy adults.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2023Article
- Effects of continuous glucose monitor-recorded nocturnal hypoglycaemia on quality of life and mood during daily life in type 1 diabetes.Diabetologia · 2021Observational
- Monitoring the Neurotransmitter Response to Glycemic Changes Using an Advanced Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Protocol at 7T.Frontiers in neurology · 2021Article
- Microglial metabolic flexibility supports immune surveillance of the brain parenchyma.Nature communications · 2020Article
- The effect of chronic neuroglycopenia on resting state networks in GLUT1 syndrome across the lifespan.Human brain mapping · 2020Article
- Hippocampal Neurochemical Profile and Glucose Transport Kinetics in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2020Article
- Effect of lactate administration on brain lactate levels during hypoglycemia in patients with type 1 diabetes.Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2019Article
- Elevated brain glutamate levels in type 1 diabetes: correlations with glycaemic control and age of disease onset but not with hypoglycaemia awareness status.Diabetologia · 2019Article
- Central Mechanisms of Glucose Sensing and Counterregulation in Defense of Hypoglycemia.Endocrine reviews · 2019Review
- Functional outcome of patients with prolonged hypoglycemic encephalopathy.Annals of intensive care · 2017Article
- Article
- Type 1 Diabetes and Impaired Awareness of Hypoglycemia Are Associated with Reduced Brain Gray Matter Volumes.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2017Article
- Brain glucose metabolism during hypoglycemia in type 1 diabetes: insights from functional and metabolic neuroimaging studies.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2016Review
- Philip E. Cryer, MD: Seminal Contributions to the Understanding of Hypoglycemia and Glucose Counterregulation and the Discovery of HAAF (Cryer Syndrome).Diabetes care · 2015Article
- Region-specific cerebral metabolic alterations in streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetic rats: an in vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy study.Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2015Article
- Functional Connectivity of Insula, Basal Ganglia, and Prefrontal Executive Control Networks during Hypoglycemia in Type 1 Diabetes.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Hypoglycemia-associated autonomic failure (HAAF) is a condition in which patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) who experience frequent hypoglycemia develop defective glucose counter-regulation and become unable to sense hypoglycemia. Brain glutamate may be involved in the mechanism of HAAF. The goal of this study was to follow the human brain glutamate concentration during experimentally induced hypoglycemia in subjects with and without HAAF. (1)H magnetic resonance spectroscopy was used to track the occipital cortex glutamate concentration throughout a euglycemic clamp followed immediately by a hypoglycemic clamp. T1D patients with HAAF were studied in comparison to two control groups, i.e., T1D patients without HAAF and healthy controls (n=5 per group). Human brain glutamate concentration decreased (P ≤ 0.01) after the initiation of hypoglycemia in the two control groups, but a smaller trend toward a decrease in patients with HAAF did not reach significance (P>0.05). These findings are consistent with a metabolic adaptation in HAAF to provide higher glucose and/or alternative fuel to the brain, eliminating the need to oxidize glutamate. In an exploratory analysis, we detected additional metabolite changes in response to hypoglycemia in the T1D patient without HAAF control group, namely, increased aspartate and decreased lactate.
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