ArticlePsychopharmacology2014
Thalamic glutamate decreases with cigarette smoking.
Article in Psychopharmacology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Utility of Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy for Understanding Substance Use Disorders: A Systematic Review of the Literature.Journal of the American Psychiatric Nurses AssociationPooled it
- Diazepam modulates anterior cingulate glutamate levels in people at clinical high-risk for psychosis.The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Trial
- Short-term nicotine deprivation alters dorsal anterior cingulate glutamate concentration and concomitant cingulate-cortical functional connectivity.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2020Trial
- The Relationship of Varenicline Agonism of α4β2 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors and Nicotine-Induced Dopamine Release in Nicotine-Dependent Humans.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2020Trial
- [Dynamic alterations in regional brain activity associated with bipolar disorder and smoking status].Zhong nan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University. Medical sciences · 2026Article
- Correlation of N-acetylaspartyl glutamate level in the medial prefrontal cortex with FTND and daily smoking amounts in adult cigarette smokers.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2025Article
- Application of glutamate weighted CEST in brain imaging of nicotine dependent participants in vivo at 7T.PloS one · 2024Article
- Changes in aspartate metabolism in the medial-prefrontal cortex of nicotine addicts based on J-edited magnetic resonance spectroscopy.Human brain mapping · 2023Article
- GABA concentrations in the anterior cingulate and dorsolateral prefrontal cortices: Associations with chronic cigarette smoking, neurocognition, and decision making.Addiction biology · 2021Article
- Independent and Combined Effects of Nicotine or Chronic Tobacco Smoking and HIV on the Brain: A Review of Preclinical and Clinical Studies.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2020Review
- Lack of correlation between CSF glutamate levels and PSQI scores in heavy smokers.Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung · 2019Article
- Alterations of resting state functional network connectivity in the brain of nicotine and alcohol users.NeuroImage · 2017Article
- Chronic Cigarette Smoking in Healthy Middle-Aged Individuals Is Associated With Decreased Regional Brain N-acetylaspartate and Glutamate Levels.Biological psychiatry · 2016Article
- Effects of cigarette smoking and alcohol use on neurocognition and BDNF levels in a Chinese population.Psychopharmacology · 2016Article
- Neuroimaging markers of glutamatergic and GABAergic systems in drug addiction: Relationships to resting-state functional connectivity.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2016Review
- How Imaging Glutamate, γ-Aminobutyric Acid, and Dopamine Can Inform the Clinical Treatment of Alcohol Dependence and Withdrawal.Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research · 2015Review
- Comparison of Regional Brain Perfusion Levels in Chronically Smoking and Non-Smoking Adults.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2015Article
- Glutamatergic neurometabolites during early abstinence from chronic methamphetamine abuse.The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
rationaleFindings from animal studies and human PET imaging indicate that nicotine and cigarette smoking affect glutamate (Glu) and related neurochemical markers in the brain and imply that smoking reduces extracellular Glu. As Glu release is mediated by nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), which are present at high concentrations in the thalamus, we examined the effects of smoking on thalamic Glu.
objectiveTo determine the effects of tobacco smoking on thalamic glutamate levels.
methodsThalamic Glu levels were measured in vivo in 18 smokers and 16 nonsmokers using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging ((1)H MRSI) at 1.5 T.
resultsMean Glu levels did not differ significantly between the subject groups. However, within smokers, Glu levels were negatively correlated with self-reports of both cigarettes/day over the last 30 days (r = -0.64, p = 0.006) and pack-years of smoking (r = -0.66, p = 0.005).
conclusionsConsistent with expectations based on preclinical studies, within smokers, cigarettes/day and pack-years are associated with reduced Glu in thalamus, a brain region rich in nAchRs. These results encourage work on candidate glutamatergic therapies for smoking cessation and suggest a noninvasive metric for their action in the brain.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.