ArticleInternational journal for parasitology. Drugs and drug resistance2012
Distribution patterns of three sodium channel mutations associated with pyrethroid resistance in Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus populations from North and South America, South Africa and Australia.
Article in International journal for parasitology. Drugs and drug resistance, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 70 citations in OpenAlex.
- Detection of Deltamethrin resistance level and association between sodium channel domain III gene mutation sites and drug resistance ofOpen life sciences · 2026Article
- Progression of deltamethrin resistance in Rhipicephalus microplus populations on communal farms of South Africa.Parasitology research · 2025Article
- Mutations in the voltage-gated sodium channel associated with permethrin resistance in Rhipicephalus linnaei populations in Thailand.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Molecular assessment of voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC) gene mutations in Rhipicephalus microplus from Guangxi, China.Parasites & vectors · 2024Article
- Genetic Diversity ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Assessment of cypermethrin and amitraz resistance and molecular profiling of voltage-gated sodium channel and octopamine tyramine genes ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Article
- Resistance to Cypermethrin Is Widespread in Cattle Ticks (Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Acaricides Resistance in Ticks: Selection, Diagnosis, Mechanisms, and Mitigation.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Review
- Evaluation of acaricidal resistance status of Rhipicephalus microplus ticks from the hilly state (Uttarakhand) of India and evaluation of efficacy of a natural formulation for the management of resistant ticks.Experimental & applied acarology · 2021Article
- Deltamethrin resistant alleles predominate in Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato in South India.Experimental & applied acarology · 2021Article
- Research on Integrated Management for Cattle Fever Ticks and Bovine Babesiosis in the United States and Mexico: Current Status and Opportunities for Binational Coordination.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Physiological evidence that three known mutations in the para-sodium channel gene confer cypermethrin knockdown resistance in Rhipicephalus microplus.Parasites & vectors · 2020Article
- Molecular markers and their application in the monitoring of acaricide resistance in Rhipicephalus microplus.Experimental & applied acarology · 2019Review
- High-resolution melt (HRM) analysis for detection of SNPs associated with pyrethroid resistance in the southern cattle fever tick, Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (Acari: Ixodidae).International journal for parasitology. Drugs and drug resistance · 2019Article
- Molecular mechanism of synthetic pyrethroid and organophosphate resistance in field isolates of Rhipicephalus microplus tick collected from a northern state of India.Experimental & applied acarology · 2018Article
- Esterase mediated resistance in deltamethrin resistant reference tick colony of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus.Experimental & applied acarology · 2016Article
- Emergence of multi-acaricide resistant Rhipicephalus ticks and its implication on chemical tick control in Uganda.Parasites & vectors · 2016Article
- Acetylcholinesterase 1 in populations of organophosphate-resistant North American strains of the cattle tick, Rhipicephalus microplus (Acari: Ixodidae).Parasitology research · 2015Article
- Esterase and glutathione S-transferase levels associated with synthetic pyrethroid resistance in Hyalomma anatolicum and Rhipicephalus microplus ticks from Punjab, India.Experimental & applied acarology · 2015Article
- Multiple mutations in the para-sodium channel gene are associated with pyrethroid resistance in Rhipicephalus microplus from the United States and Mexico.Parasites & vectors · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Resistance to synthetic pyrethroids (SP) in the cattle tick Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus is widespread throughout its distribution area. Three single nucleotide substitutions identified in Domains II and III of the sodium channel gene of R. (B.) microplus are known to be associated with target site pyrethroid resistance. We developed a multiplex PCR using allele-specific primers to amplify wild type or mutated genotypes of the three mutations simultaneously. This assay was used to screen tick samples originating from Brazil, Argentina, Mexico, South Africa and Australia whose phenotype to flumethrin and cypermethrin had been determined by the use of the Larval Tarsal test (LTT) or the Larval Packet Test (LPT). These mutations were found to have distinct geographical distributions and result in different resistance phenotypes. The L64I Domain II mutation conferring resistance to several SP compounds was found in all the Brazilian, Argentinean and Australian populations and in one South African population, with frequencies between 38% and 100% in flumethrin and cypermethrin resistant populations. In contrast, this mutation was not found in samples from Mexico, while the Domain III mutation was found exclusively in this country. The G72V Domain II flumethrin-specific mutation was found in a single Australian population, with a very low resistant allele frequency (3%). The homozygous resistant RR genotype of the L64I Domain II mutation correlated significantly with the survival rates at the discriminating doses of flumethrin and cypermethrin. This survey shows the widespread distribution of the L64I Domain II mutation and provides evidence of its geographic separation from the Domain III mutation.
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