ReviewEuropean journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology2014
The aetiology and antibiotic management of community-acquired pneumonia in adults in Europe: a literature review.
Review in European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04681963 (Clinical Characteristics of Hospitalized Adults With Community-acquired- Pneumonia at the Emergency Department), which is not on this map. Cited by 72 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Clinical Characteristics of Hospitalized Adults With Community-acquired- Pneumonia at the Emergency Department: A Cross-sectional Study
Who cites it
72 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 183 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy of PPV23 in Preventing Pneumococcal Pneumonia in Adults at Increased Risk--A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.PloS one · 2016Pooled it
- Accuracy of a score predicting the presence of an atypical pathogen in hospitalized patients with moderately severe community-acquired pneumonia.BMC infectious diseases · 2022Trial
- Factors Associated With Treatment Failure in Moderately Severe Community-Acquired Pneumonia: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2021Trial
- Resistance to Lefamulin: An Evaluation of Data from In Vitro Antimicrobial Susceptibility Studies.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Impact of pneumococcal urinary antigen testing on clinical outcomes in patients hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2025Article
- The use of macrolides in the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia: risks and benefits.Breathe (Sheffield, England) · 2025Article
- Unveiling etiology and mortality risks in community-acquired pneumonia: A machine learning approach.Biomolecules & biomedicine · 2025Article
- Antibiotic susceptibility of pathogens isolated in respiratory tract samples of recently hospitalized patients.Microbiology spectrum · 2025Article
- Modeling and simulation of distribution and drug resistance of major pathogens in patients with respiratory system infections.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Oropharyngeal detection of specific gut-derived Enterobacterales is associated with increased respiratory infection risk in older adults.Frontiers in aging · 2025Article
- Invasive pneumococcal disease in adults after the introduction of pneumococcal vaccination: a retrospective study in the metropolitan area of Zagreb, Croatia (2010-2022).Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Development of an Implementation Strategy Tailored to Deliver Evidence-Based and Person-Centred Nursing Care for Patients with Community-Acquired Pneumonia: An Intervention Mapping Approach.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Article
- Respiratory Infections in the Aging Lung: Implications for Diagnosis, Therapy, and Prevention.Aging and disease · 2023Review
- Antibiotic Consumption in a Cohort of Hospitalized Adults with Viral Respiratory Tract Infection.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Gram Stain and Culture of Sputum Samples Detect Only Few Pathogens in Community-Acquired Lower Respiratory Tract Infections: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Use of immunomodulatory therapy as part of comprehensive treatment of non-severe community-acquired pneumonia and its long-term results.Drugs in context · 2023Article
- Utility of Polymerase Chain Reaction in Nasopharyngeal Swabs for Identifying Respiratory Bacteria Causing Community-Acquired Pneumonia.Microbiology spectrum · 2022Article
- Diagnostic stewardship aiming at expectorated or induced sputum promotes microbial diagnosis in community-acquired pneumonia.BMC infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Systematic Review of Incidence Studies of Pneumonia in Persons with Spinal Cord Injury.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Review
12 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 5 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The purpose of this paper was to generate up-to-date information on the aetiology of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and its antibiotic management in adults across Europe. Structured searches of PubMed identified information on the aetiology of CAP and its antibiotic management in individuals aged >15 years across Europe. We summarise the data from 33 studies published between January 2005 and July 2012 that reported on the pathogens identified in patients with CAP and antibiotic treatment in patients with CAP. Streptococcus pneumoniae was the most commonly isolated pathogen in patients with CAP and was identified in 12.0-85.0 % of patients. Other frequently identified pathogens found to cause CAP were Haemophilus influenzae, Gram-negative enteric bacilli, respiratory viruses and Mycoplasma pneumoniae. We found several age-related trends: S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae and respiratory viruses were more frequent in elderly patients aged ≥65 years, whereas M. pneumoniae was more frequent in those aged <65 years. Antibiotic monotherapy was more frequent than combination therapy, and beta-lactams were the most commonly prescribed antibiotics. Hospitalised patients were more likely than outpatients to receive combination antibiotic therapy. Limited data on antibiotic resistance were available in the studies. Penicillin resistance of S. pneumoniae was reported in 8.4-20.7 % of isolates and erythromycin resistance was reported in 14.7-17.1 % of isolates. Understanding the aetiology of CAP and the changing pattern of antibiotic resistance in Europe, together with an increased awareness of the risk factors for CAP, will help clinicians to identify those patients most at risk of developing CAP and provide guidance on the most appropriate treatment.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.