ArticleNeuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology2014
Effects of repeated cocaine exposure on habit learning and reversal by N-acetylcysteine.
Article in Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 74 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
74 citing papers in PubMed, 138 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impaired Learning From Negative Feedback in Stimulant Use Disorder: Dopaminergic Modulation.The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology · 2021Trial
- An evaluation of N-acetylcysteine in a sequential oxycodone and cocaine rat self-administration model.Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Does time pressure reveal habits? Divergent results from outcome devaluation and response remapping paradigms.Cognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience · 2026Article
- Fentanyl reinforcement history has sex-specific effects on multi-step decision-making.Neuropharmacology · 2026Article
- Goal-direction and habit in human and nonhuman behavioral sequences (behavior chains).Journal of experimental psychology. Animal learning and cognition · 2025Article
- Outcome devaluation as a method for identifying goal-directed behaviors in rats.Nature protocols · 2025Review
- Dietary regulation of silent synapses in the dorsolateral striatum.Neuroscience · 2024Article
- DIETARY REGULATION OF SILENT SYNAPSES IN THE DORSOLATERAL STRIATUM.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Modeling impaired insight after drug use in rodents.Behavioral neuroscience · 2024Review
- Changes in dorsomedial striatum activity during expression of goal-directed vs. habit-like cue-induced cocaine seeking.Addiction neuroscience · 2024Article
- Differential effects of acute and prolonged morphine withdrawal on motivational and goal-directed control over reward-seeking behaviour.Addiction biology · 2024Article
- Neither Amphetamine nor Sub-Anesthetic Ketamine Treatment during Adolescence Impairs Devaluation in Rats Tested during Adulthood.Journal of integrative neuroscience · 2024Article
- Impairments in expression of devaluation in a Pavlovian goal-tracking task, but not a free operant devaluation task, after fentanyl exposure in female rats.Behavioural brain research · 2024Article
- Habit and persistence.Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior · 2024Review
- Striatal insights: a cellular and molecular perspective on repetitive behaviors in pathology.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2024Review
- Making and breaking habits: Revisiting the definitions and behavioral factors that influence habits in animals.Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior · 2024Review
- Drug reinforcement impairs cognitive flexibility by inhibiting striatal cholinergic neurons.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Long-term effects of THC exposure on reward learning and motivated behavior in adolescent and adult male rats.Psychopharmacology · 2023Article
- Habit formation viewed as structural change in the behavioral network.Communications biology · 2023Article
- Fentanyl-induced reward seeking is sex and dose dependent and is prevented by D-cysteine ethylester.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Article
14 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Exposure to drugs of abuse can result in a loss of control over both drug- and nondrug-related actions by accelerating the transition from goal-directed to habitual control, an effect argued to reflect changes in glutamate homeostasis. Here we examined whether exposure to cocaine accelerates habit learning and used in vitro electrophysiology to investigate its effects on measures of synaptic plasticity in the dorsomedial (DMS) and dorsolateral (DLS) striatum, areas critical for actions and habits, respectively. We then administered N-acetylcysteine (NAC) in an attempt to normalize glutamate homeostasis and hence reverse the cellular and behavioral effects of cocaine exposure. Rats received daily injections of cocaine (30 mg/kg) for 6 days and were then trained to lever press for a food reward. We used outcome devaluation and whole-cell patch-clamp electrophysiology to assess the behavioral and cellular effects of cocaine exposure. We then examined the ability of NAC to reverse the effects of cocaine exposure on these measures. Cocaine treatment produced a deficit in goal-directed action, as assessed by outcome devaluation, and increased the frequency of spontaneous and miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs) in the DMS but not in the DLS. Importantly, NAC treatment both normalized EPSC frequency and promoted goal-directed control in cocaine-treated rats. The promotion of goal-directed control has the potential to improve treatment outcomes in human cocaine addicts.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.