ArticleVaccine2014
Measles resurgence in southern Africa: challenges to measles elimination.
Article in Vaccine, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 59 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immunogenicity, effectiveness, and safety of measles vaccination in infants younger than 9 months: a systematic review and meta-analysis.The Lancet. Infectious diseases · 2019Pooled it
- Immunogenicity and safety of a measles and rubella-containing vaccine at age 6 and 9 months in Bangladesh: an open-label, randomised trial.The Lancet. Child & adolescent health · 2025Trial
- A large measles outbreak in Zimbabwe related to vaccine hesitancy in 2022.The Pan African medical journal · 2026Article
- Article
- Progress towards measles and rubella elimination in Eswatini by 2024.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- Article
- Bridging immunization gaps: lessons from Zambia's 2024 measles-rubella supplementary immunisation activity.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- On the Path to Measles and Rubella Elimination Following Rubella-Containing Vaccine Introduction, 2000-2023, Namibia.Vaccines · 2024Article
- Options in the Treatment of Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis: Implications for Low Resource Areas.Current treatment options in neurology · 2022Review
- Vaccination strategies for measles control and elimination: time to strengthen local initiatives.BMC medicine · 2021Article
- Surprisingly Low Levels of Measles Immunity in Persons With HIV: A Seroprevalence Survey in a United States HIV Clinic.Open forum infectious diseases · 2020Article
- Measles outbreak in 2018-2019, Madagascar: epidemiology and public health implications.The Pan African medical journal · 2020Article
- Recent setbacks in measles elimination: the importance of investing in innovations for immunizations.The Pan African medical journal · 2020Article
- Use of FTA Cards To Transport Throat Swabs and Oral Fluid Samples for Molecular Detection and Genotyping of Measles and Rubella Viruses.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2019Article
- Status of Measles Elimination in Eleven Countries with High Routine Immunisation Coverage in The WHO African Region.Journal of immunological sciences · 2018Article
- Measles outbreak response decision-making under uncertainty: a retrospective analysis.Journal of the Royal Society, Interface · 2018Article
- Understanding the causes and consequences of measles virus persistence.F1000Research · 2018Review
- How to Increase Vaccination Acceptance Among Apostolic Communities: Quantitative Results from an Assessment in Three Provinces in Zimbabwe.Journal of religion and health · 2017Article
- Demographic transition and the dynamics of measles in six provinces in China: A modeling study.PLoS medicine · 2017Article
- Age-specific mixing generates transient outbreak risk following critical-level vaccination.Epidemiology and infection · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 5 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
introductionIn seven southern African countries (Botswana, Lesotho, Malawi, Namibia, South Africa, Swaziland and Zimbabwe), following implementation of a measles mortality reduction strategy starting in 1996, the number of annually reported measles cases decreased sharply to less than one per million population during 2006-2008. However, during 2009-2010, large outbreaks occurred in these countries. In 2011, a goal for measles elimination by 2020 was set in the World Health Organization (WHO) African Region (AFR). We reviewed the implementation of the measles control strategy and measles epidemiology during the resurgence in the seven southern African countries.
methodsEstimated coverage with routine measles vaccination, supplemental immunization activities (SIA), annually reported measles cases by country, and measles surveillance and laboratory data were analyzed using descriptive analysis.
resultsIn the seven countries, coverage with the routine first dose of measles-containing vaccine (MCV1) decreased from 80% to 65% during 1996-2004, then increased to 84% in 2011; during 1996-2011, 79,696,523 people were reached with measles vaccination during 45 SIAs. Annually reported measles cases decreased from 61,160 cases to 60 cases and measles incidence decreased to <1 case per million during 1996-2008. During 2009-2010, large outbreaks that included cases among older children and adults were reported in all seven countries, starting in South Africa and Namibia in mid-2009 and in the other five countries by early 2010. The measles virus genotype detected was predominantly genotype B3.
conclusionThe measles resurgence highlighted challenges to achieving measles elimination in AFR by 2020. To achieve this goal, high two-dose measles vaccine coverage by strengthening routine immunization systems and conducting timely SIAs targeting expanded age groups, potentially including young adults, and maintaining outbreak preparedness to rapidly respond to outbreaks will be needed.
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