ArticleImmunity2014
Transcriptome-based network analysis reveals a spectrum model of human macrophage activation.
Article in Immunity, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1,292 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1,292 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- From tumor microenvironment orchestrators to actionable targets: a systematic review of TAM-targeted therapies in triple-negative breast cancer.International journal of clinical oncology · 2026Pooled it
- Macrophage mechanobiology: from sensing to disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- The effect of disrupted sleep on macrophage polarization: a systematic review and meta-analysis of animal studies.BMC immunology · 2025Pooled it
- Immune cell clustering identifies a CD163⁺/CSF1R⁺ macrophage and neutrophil-enriched phenotype with distinct biological signatures and poor prognosis in angiosarcoma.Oncoimmunology · 2026Article
- Polarization of tumor-infiltrating macrophages predicts complete response to neoadjuvant treatment in patients with rectal cancer.Oncoimmunology · 2026Article
- A transcriptional cofactor GRIP1 drives PPARγ DNA binding and p300-dependent enhancer activity during homeostatic macrophage polarization.Science advances · 2026Article
- Dynamic metabolic programming of monocyte-derived cells defines immunity in CNS disease.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2026Review
- Pan-cancer epigenetic landscape of human tumor-associated macrophages reveals crucial enhancers governing their heterogenous formation by Pol II pausing modulation.Journal of advanced research · 2026Article
- A human single-cell atlas identifies OLR1Nature genetics · 2026Article
- Multi-level transcriptional control of specific macrophage responses.The EMBO journal · 2026Review
- The Imbalance Between Tumor Immunosurveillance and Tumor Immune Escape in Glioblastoma.Immunology and cell biology · 2026Review
- Glioma microenvironment: Cellular crosstalk, immunosuppression, and novel therapeutic perspectives.Chinese medical journal · 2026Review
- The Silent Vehicle: Validating the Biological Signals and Noises of Baculovirus Vectors in Macrophage-Targeted Vaccines.Vaccines · 2026Article
- Macrophage-Fibroblast Crosstalk in Kidney Injury: A Narrative Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Macrophage Immune-Redox Modulation by Phenylethanoid- and Flavonoid-Rich Botanical Extracts: NF-κB/iNOS-Nrf2 Crosstalk and the Proposed Role ofAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Next-generation macrophage engineering in cancer therapy: From TAM reprogramming to CAR-macrophages.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2026Review
- M2-associated microglial states in oligodendrocyte regulation and white matter repair in vascular dementia.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- Macrophage-driven pathological ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament: mechanistic insights and therapeutic opportunities.Bone research · 2026Review
- Outbreaks of fluconazole-resistant Candida parapsilosis are driven by low-biofilm-producing isolates that emerge under host selection.PLoS biology · 2026Article
- Mitochondrial profiling across macrophage states reveals inhibition of IL-4/IL-13 reprogramming by the integrated stress response.Science advances · 2026Article
1,232 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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21 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Macrophage activation is associated with profound transcriptional reprogramming. Although much progress has been made in the understanding of macrophage activation, polarization, and function, the transcriptional programs regulating these processes remain poorly characterized. We stimulated human macrophages with diverse activation signals, acquiring a data set of 299 macrophage transcriptomes. Analysis of this data set revealed a spectrum of macrophage activation states extending the current M1 versus M2-polarization model. Network analyses identified central transcriptional regulators associated with all macrophage activation complemented by regulators related to stimulus-specific programs. Applying these transcriptional programs to human alveolar macrophages from smokers and patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) revealed an unexpected loss of inflammatory signatures in COPD patients. Finally, by integrating murine data from the ImmGen project we propose a refined, activation-independent core signature for human and murine macrophages. This resource serves as a framework for future research into regulation of macrophage activation in health and disease.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.