ArticleThe Journal of pediatrics2014
Early empiric antibiotic use in preterm infants is associated with lower bacterial diversity and higher relative abundance of Enterobacter.
Article in The Journal of pediatrics, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 204 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
204 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 421 citations in OpenAlex.
- Factors influencing necrotizing enterocolitis in premature infants in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC pediatrics · 2024Pooled it
- The effect of antibiotics on the intestinal microbiota in children - a systematic review.Frontiers in allergy · 2024Pooled it
- The impact of neonatal intensive care unit antibiotics on gut bacterial microbiota of preterm infants: a systematic review.Frontiers in microbiomes · 2023Pooled it
- Antibiotics in the medical and surgical treatment of necrotizing enterocolitis. A systematic review.BMC pediatrics · 2022Pooled it
- Probiotic Supplementation During the Perinatal and Infant Period: Effects on Gut Dysbiosis and Disease.Nutrients · 2020Pooled it
- The initial prophylactic antibiotic usage and subsequent necrotizing enterocolitis in high-risk premature infants: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Pediatric surgery international · 2018Pooled it
- Determinants of the Very Low-Birth-Weight Infant's Intestinal Microbiome: A Systematic Review.The Journal of perinatal & neonatal nursingPooled it
- Effects of oropharyngeal administration of own mother's milk on oral microbial colonization in very low birth weight infants fed by gastric tube: A randomized controlled trial.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2024Trial
- Effects of early-life antibiotics on the developing infant gut microbiome and resistome: a randomized trial.Nature communications · 2022Trial
- Routine Early Antibiotic Use in SymptOmatic Preterm Neonates: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.The Journal of pediatrics · 2021Trial
- Antibiotics and the developing intestinal microbiome, metabolome and inflammatory environment in a randomized trial of preterm infants.Scientific reports · 2021Trial
- The Microbiome of Infants Recruited to a Randomised Placebo-controlled Probiotic Trial (PiPS Trial).EBioMedicine · 2017Trial
- Antimicrobial-associated adverse events in neonates: an integrated literature review and FAERS pharmacovigilance analysis.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Review
- Neonatal enteral antibiotics reduce gut inflammation and delay systemic immune development in preterm pigs.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- Gut microbiome in preterm infants with different weight gain outcomes.Gut microbiology · 2026Article
- Impact of targeted infection prevention and control interventions on bloodstream infections and colonization with carbapenem-resistant organisms among hospitalized neonates, Bangladesh, 2023-2024.Antimicrobial resistance and infection control · 2026Article
- Does the duration of empiric antibiotic treatment influence NEC incidence and severity relative to placental pathology?Journal of neonatal-perinatal medicine · 2026Review
- Association of Placental Pathology and Antibiotic Exposure after Birth with the Severity of Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Preterm Infants: A Case-Control Study.American journal of perinatology · 2026Article
- Host genetic variation and gut microbiome in pediatric diseases.Chinese medical journal · 2026Review
- Early empiric antibiotic exposure affects gut microbiota development of very preterm infants.Pediatric research · 2026Article
144 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesTo determine the impact of empiric ampicillin and gentamicin use in the first week of life on microbial colonization and diversity in preterm infants. STUDY
designThe 16s ribosomal DNA community profiling was used to compare the microbiota of 74 infants born ≤32 weeks gestational age by degree of antibiotic use in the first week of life. The degree of antibiotic use was classified as 0 days, 1-4 days, and 5-7 days of antibiotic administration. All of the antibiotic use was empiric, defined as treatment based solely on clinical suspicion of infection without a positive culture result.
resultsInfants who received 5-7 days of empiric antimicrobial agents in the first week had increased relative abundance of Enterobacter (P = .016) and lower bacterial diversity in the second and third weeks of life. Infants receiving early antibiotics also experienced more cases of necrotizing enterocolitis, sepsis, or death than those not exposed to antibiotics.
conclusionsEarly empiric antibiotics have sustained effects on the intestinal microbiota of preterm infants. Intestinal dysbiosis in this population has been found to be associated with elevated risk of necrotizing enterocolitis, sepsis, or death.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.