Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24529281›Full record

ArticleBiological psychiatry2014

The human ortholog of acid-sensing ion channel gene ASIC1a is associated with panic disorder and amygdala structure and function.

Jordan W Smoller, Patience J Gallagher, Laramie E Duncan, Lauren M McGrath, Stephen A Haddad, Avram J Holmes, Aaron B Wolf, Sidney Hilker, Stefanie R Block, Sydney Weill and 18 more

Registry-linked trialOpen access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Biological psychiatry, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04181008 (Pharmacokinetics of Amiloride Nasal Spray in Healthy Volunteers), which is not on this map. Cited by 43 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
43citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
4.6field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT04181008 early_phase1completednot on this mapstarted 2020, after this paper: background citation

Pharmacokinetics of Amiloride Nasal Spray in Healthy Volunteers

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of UtahRan2020 to 2023Enrolled15ConditionsPharmacokineticsArmsAmiloride
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

43 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 78 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Population Pharmacokinetics of Intranasal Amiloride in Healthy Volunteers.European journal of drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics · 2026
    Trial
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Dual Modulator of ASIC Channels and GABAInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023
    Article
  13. Review
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  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. PTSD as an Endothelial Disease: Insights From COVID-19.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2021
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

28 authors at 14 institutions in 3 countries.

Jordan W SmollerPsychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit , Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts. Electronic address: jsmoller@hms.harvard.edu.
Patience J GallagherPsychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit , Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
Laramie E DuncanPsychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit , Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
Lauren M McGrathPsychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit , Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
Stephen A HaddadPsychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit , Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
Avram J HolmesDepartment of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Psychology, Center for Brain Science, Boston, Massachusetts.
Aaron B WolfPsychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit , Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
Sidney HilkerPsychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit , Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Harvard College, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts.
Stefanie R BlockDepartment of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
Sydney WeillPsychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit , Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
Sarah YoungMcClean Hospital, Belmont Massachusetts; Massachusetts School of Professional Psychology, Boston, Massachusetts.
Eun Young ChoiDepartment of Psychology, Center for Brain Science, Boston, Massachusetts.
Jerrold F RosenbaumDepartment of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
Joseph BiedermanDepartment of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
Stephen V FaraoneDepartments of Psychiatry and Neuroscience and Physiology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York.
Joshua L RoffmanDepartment of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
Gisele G ManfroAnxiety Disorders Outpatient Program, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre; Post Graduate Program in Medical Sciences: Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
Carolina BlayaDepartment of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal de Ciencias da Saude de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
Dina R Hirshfeld-BeckerDepartment of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
Murray B SteinDepartments of Psychiatry and Family and Preventive Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California.
Michael Van AmeringenDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
David F TolinThe Institute of Living, Hartford Hospital, Hartford, Connecticut; Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.
Michael W OttoDepartment of Psychology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts.
Mark H PollackDepartment of Psychiatry, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois.
Naomi M SimonCenter for Anxiety and Traumatic Stress Disorders, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
Randy L BucknerAthinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Psychology, Center for Brain Science, Boston, Massachusetts.
Dost OngürHarvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; McClean Hospital, Belmont Massachusetts.
Bruce M CohenHarvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; McClean Hospital, Belmont Massachusetts.
Massachusetts General Hospital · USHarvard University · USAthinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging · USBoston University · USCenter for Pain and the Brain · USHartford Hospital · USHospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre · BRMcMaster University · CARush University Medical Center · USSUNY Upstate Medical University · USUniversidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre · BRUniversity of California, San Diego · USUniversity of Michigan–Ann Arbor · USWilliam James College · US

Funding

Training Program in Psychiatric Genetics and Translational ResearchT32MH017119 · NIMH · HARVARD UNIVERSITY (SCH OF PUBLIC HLTH) · PI KARESTAN C KOENEN, Jukka-Pekka Onnela · 1985 to 2026
$8.9M
Stuart T. Hauser Research Training Program in Biological and Social Psychiatry.T32MH016259 · NIMH · JUDGE BAKER CHILDREN'S CENTER · PI Marek Kubicki, Martha E. Shenton · 1985 to 2026
$8.4M
Improving Patient Outcomes in Anxiety DisordersK24MH064122 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI STEIN, MURRAY B. · 2001 to 2011
$1.3M
1/3-Exposure D-Cycloserine Enhancement and Genetic Modulators in Panic DisorderR01MH081116 · NIMH · BOSTON UNIVERSITY (CHARLES RIVER CAMPUS) · PI OTTO, MICHAEL W. · 2008 to 2012
$1.2M
Research and Mentoring on Integrating Psychiatric Genetics and NeuroscienceK24MH094614 · NIMH · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI SMOLLER, JORDAN W · 2012 to 2016
$925k
Dimensional Neurogenetic Markers of Limbic System Integrity & Psychiatric IllnessK01MH099232 · NIMH · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI HOLMES, AVRAM J · 2013 to 2017
$738k
NIMH NIH HHS K01 MH099232NIMH NIH HHS K24 MH064122NIMH NIH HHS K24 MH094614NIMH NIH HHS K24MH094614NIMH NIH HHS MH64122NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH081116NIMH NIH HHS T32 MH016259NIMH NIH HHS T32 MH017119NIMH NIH HHS T32MH017119NIMH NIH HHS T32-MH16259PHS HHS R01 47077PHS HHS R01 63683
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundIndividuals with panic disorder (PD) exhibit a hypersensitivity to inhaled carbon dioxide, possibly reflecting a lowered threshold for sensing signals of suffocation. Animal studies have shown that carbon dioxide-mediated fear behavior depends on chemosensing of acidosis in the amygdala via the acid-sensing ion channel ASIC1a. We examined whether the human ortholog of the ASIC1a gene, ACCN2, is associated with the presence of PD and with amygdala structure and function.

methodsWe conducted a case-control analysis (n = 414 PD cases and 846 healthy controls) of ACCN2 single nucleotide polymorphisms and PD. We then tested whether variants showing significant association with PD are also associated with amygdala volume (n = 1048) or task-evoked reactivity to emotional stimuli (n = 103) in healthy individuals.

resultsTwo single nucleotide polymorphisms at the ACCN2 locus showed evidence of association with PD: rs685012 (odds ratio = 1.32, gene-wise corrected p = .011) and rs10875995 (odds ratio = 1.26, gene-wise corrected p = .046). The association appeared to be stronger when early-onset (age ≤ 20 years) PD cases and when PD cases with prominent respiratory symptoms were compared with controls. The PD risk allele at rs10875995 was associated with increased amygdala volume (p = .035) as well as task-evoked amygdala reactivity to fearful and angry faces (p = .0048).

conclusionsGenetic variation at ACCN2 appears to be associated with PD and with amygdala phenotypes that have been linked to proneness to anxiety. These results support the possibility that modulation of acid-sensing ion channels may have therapeutic potential for PD.

Indexed as

Polymorphism, Single NucleotideAcid Sensing Ion ChannelsAdultAmygdalaBrain MappingCase-Control StudiesFemaleGenetic Association StudiesHumansMagnetic Resonance ImagingMaleMiddle AgedPanic DisorderAcid Sensing Ion ChannelsASIC1 protein, humanACCN2amygdalaASIC1aassociationgeneticpanic disorder

Identifiers

PMID24529281
PMCPMC4103972
OpenAlexW2057012241

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.