ArticleToxins2014
Botulinum neurotoxin A complex recognizes host carbohydrates through its hemagglutinin component.
Article in Toxins, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Enteric botulinum neurotoxins facilitate infection byScience advances · 2026Article
- Advances in Clostridial Neurotoxins: Passage of the Intestinal Barrier and Targeting of Specific Neuronal Cells.Toxins · 2026Review
- Article
- Infant Botulism and Carbohydrate Blood Group Antigens: Preliminary Results from a Discordant Twin Study.Journal of pediatrics. Clinical practice · 2025Article
- A nut-and-bolt assembly of the bimodular large progenitor botulinum neurotoxin complex.Science advances · 2025Article
- Sensory Symptoms Associated with Aesthetic Botulinum Toxin A Treatments.Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open · 2022Article
- Chinese botulinum toxin A for the treatment of lower urinary tract dysfunction: It works just as well.Bladder (San Francisco, Calif.) · 2022Review
- The hypothetical protein P47 of Clostridium botulinum E1 strain Beluga has a structural topology similar to bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein.Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology · 2018Article
- Inhibiting oral intoxication of botulinum neurotoxin A complex by carbohydrate receptor mimics.Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology · 2015Article
- Translocation of botulinum neurotoxin serotype A and associated proteins across the intestinal epithelia.Cellular microbiology · 2015Article
- Review
- Structural basis of the pH-dependent assembly of a botulinum neurotoxin complex.Journal of molecular biology · 2014Article
- High-resolution crystal structure of HA33 of botulinum neurotoxin type B progenitor toxin complex.Biochemical and biophysical research communications · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) are potent bacterial toxins. The high oral toxicity of BoNTs is largely attributed to the progenitor toxin complex (PTC), which is assembled from BoNT and nontoxic neurotoxin-associated proteins (NAPs) that are produced together with BoNT in bacteria. Here, we performed ex vivo studies to examine binding of the highly homogeneous recombinant NAPs to mouse small intestine. We also carried out the first comprehensive glycan array screening with the hemagglutinin (HA) component of NAPs. Our data confirmed that intestinal binding of the PTC is partly mediated by the HA moiety through multivalent interactions between HA and host carbohydrates. The specific HA-carbohydrate recognition could be inhibited by receptor-mimicking saccharides.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.