ArticleBMJ open2014
A comparison of the causes of blindness certifications in England and Wales in working age adults (16-64 years), 1999-2000 with 2009-2010.
Article in BMJ open, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 5 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 338 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Prospective Longitudinal Observational Study on Insulin Dependent Diabetic Patients Undergoing Any Form of Solid Organ Pancreas Transplantation Aimed to Clarify Quality of Life Changes After Pancreas Transplantation
Developing and Testing a Low Cost Opportunistic Glaucoma Screening Model During Diabetic Retinopathy Screening by Non-physician Graders in Vietnam
Performance Evaluation of Artificial Intelligence Assisted Diabetic Retinopathy Grading in the Leuven University Hospital: Can Technology Improve the Resident?
E-CLAIR: Efficiency and Cost-effectiveness of Artificial Intelligence Based Diabetic Retinopathy Screening in Flanders
Investigating the Metabolic and Lipidomic Profiles That Are Associated With Varying Grades of Diabetic Maculopathy and Retinopathy in South Wales
Who cites it
338 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 647 citations in OpenAlex.
- Stem cell therapy for inherited retinal diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Stem cell research & therapy · 2023Pooled it
- Test accuracy of artificial intelligence-based grading of fundus images in diabetic retinopathy screening: A systematic review.Journal of medical screening · 2023Pooled it
- Feasibility of glycated haemoglobin target-setting in adults with diabetes: A mixed-methods study.PloS one · 2026Trial
- Interobserver Agreement of Electrode to Retina Distance Measurements in a Second-Generation (44-Channel) Suprachoroidal Retinal Prosthesis.Translational vision science & technology · 2022Trial
- Exploring fundus-controlled mesopic and scotopic perimetry in inherited retinal disease.Acta ophthalmologica · 2026Article
- Long-term follow-up and outcomes of a Diabetic Eye Screening Programme in patients aged 80 with no diabetic eye disease at baseline: should we be routinely screening this cohort?Eye (London, England) · 2026Article
- Article
- Clinical and Molecular Features ofOphthalmology science · 2026Article
- Case series: The role of retinal ischemia in the pathogenesis and clinical manifestation of diabetic retinopathy.Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry · 2026Article
- Retinal Diseases: Mechanisms, Diagnosis and Treatments-From Mechanistic Insights to Personalized Retina Care.Journal of personalized medicine · 2026Article
- Visualising treatment effects in low-vision settings: proven and potential endpoints for clinical trials of inherited retinal disease therapies.Gene therapy · 2026Review
- A Roadmap for National Diabetic Retinopathy Screening in Croatia: Integrating European Evidence, Telemedicine, and AI.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Review
- Computational Quantification of Mouse Retinal Vasculature Using ImageJ.Bio-protocol · 2026Article
- Genetic Testing in Inherited Retinal Disease: Current Strategies and Future Directions.Journal of personalized medicine · 2026Review
- Pigment Epithelium-Derived Factor From Müller Cells Is Involved in Angiopoietin-Mediated Survival Control of Retinal Neurons.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026Article
- Editorial of Special Issue "Molecular Research and Recent Advances in Diabetic Retinopathy: Second Edition".Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Bi-allelic variants in FSD1L cause retinitis pigmentosa with or without neurological involvement.American journal of human genetics · 2026Article
- Visual Field Estimation in X-Linked Retinitis Pigmentosa Associated with Retinitis Pigmentosa GTPase Regulator (Ophthalmology science · 2026Article
- Time to Blindness and Associated Factors Among Glaucoma Patients Under Treatment at Governmental Hospitals in Amhara Region, Ethiopia; Application of Gamma Shared Frailty Accelerate Failure Time Model.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Assessing Agreement between Blue-Light and Green-Light Autofluorescence of Macular Hyperautofluorescent Rings in Inherited Retinal Diseases.Ophthalmology science · 2026Article
278 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesTo report on the causes of blindness certifications in England and Wales in working age adults (16-64 years) in 2009-2010; and to compare these with figures from 1999 to 2000.
designAnalysis of the national database of blindness certificates of vision impairment (CVIs) received by the Certifications Office. SETTING AND
participantsWorking age (16-64 years) population of England and Wales.
main outcome measuresNumber and cause of blindness certifications.
resultsThe Certifications Office received 1756 CVIs for blindness from persons aged between 16 and 64 inclusive between 1 April 2009 and 31 March 2010. The main causes of blindness certifications were hereditary retinal disorders (354 certifications comprising 20.2% of the total), diabetic retinopathy/maculopathy (253 persons, 14.4%) and optic atrophy (248 persons, 14.1%). Together, these three leading causes accounted for almost 50% of all blindness certifications. Between 1 April 1999 and 31 March 2000, the leading causes of blindness certification were diabetic retinopathy/maculopathy (17.7%), hereditary retinal disorders (15.8%) and optic atrophy (10.1%).
conclusionsFor the first time in at least five decades, diabetic retinopathy/maculopathy is no longer the leading cause of certifiable blindness among working age adults in England and Wales, having been overtaken by inherited retinal disorders. This change may be related to factors including the introduction of nationwide diabetic retinopathy screening programmes in England and Wales and improved glycaemic control. Inherited retinal disease, now representing the commonest cause of certification in the working age population, has clinical and research implications, including with respect to the provision of care/resources in the NHS and the allocation of research funding.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.