ArticleClinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.)2014
Estrogen modulation of endosome-associated toll-like receptor 8: an IFNα-independent mechanism of sex-bias in systemic lupus erythematosus.
Article in Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.), 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 63 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
63 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 78 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sex hormones affect the pathogenesis and clinical characteristics of systemic lupus erythematosus.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Sex steroids and autoimmune rheumatic diseases: state of the art.Nature reviews. Rheumatology · 2020Pooled it
- Association of 9-Valent HPV Vaccination with Risk of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: A Sex-Stratified Real-World Study.Vaccines · 2026Article
- Is Oestradiol a Key Player in the Sex Differences in Innate Immunity Through Toll-like Receptor Activation?Cells · 2026Article
- The ERβ Agonist, OSU-ERβ-012, Mitigates Inflammation in a Chimeric Model of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.ACR open rheumatology · 2026Article
- Impact of testosterone-based gender-affirming hormone therapy on toll-like receptor transcript levels and peripheral blood leukocyte counts in transmasculine individuals.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Observational
- Discovery of Blood-Based Proteins That Mark Benzo[a]pyrene Modulation of Autoimmunity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Can Sex-based Variations in the Immune Responses to AAV Gene Therapy Affect Safety and Efficacy? A Review of Current Understanding.The AAPS journal · 2025Review
- Sex Bias in Autoimmunity: New Findings and New Opportunities.JID innovations : skin science from molecules to population health · 2025Review
- Thymus Degeneration in Women and the Influence of Female Sexual Hormones on Thymic Epithelial Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Blood gene expression of Toll-like receptors in SLE patients with lupus nephritis or neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus.Arthritis research & therapy · 2025Article
- The conneXion between sex and immune responses.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2024Review
- Neuroactive Steroids, Toll-like Receptors, and Neuroimmune Regulation: Insights into Their Impact on Neuropsychiatric Disorders.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Article
- Sexual dimorphism in NLR transcripts and its downstream signaling protein IL-1ꞵ in teleost Channa punctata (Bloch, 1793).Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Sex-related immunity: could Toll-like receptors be the answer in acute inflammatory response?Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Immune dynamics throughout life in relation to sex hormones and perspectives gained from gender-affirming hormone therapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- HMGB1 and Toll-like receptors: potential therapeutic targets in autoimmune diseases.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2023Review
- HIV-Host Cell Interactions.Cells · 2023Review
- Sex, puberty, and the gut microbiome.Reproduction (Cambridge, England) · 2023Review
3 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Females of child-bearing age are more resistant to infectious disease and have an increased risk of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). We hypothesized that estrogen-induced gene expression could establish an immunoactivated state which would render enhanced defense against infection, but may be deleterious in autoimmune development. Using peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), we demonstrate enhanced responses with immunogen stimulation in the presence of 17β-estradiol (E2) and gene array analyses reveal toll-like receptor 8 (TLR8) as an E2-responsive candidate gene. TLR8 expression levels are up-regulated in SLE and PBMCs stimulated with TLR8 agonist display a female sex-biased, E2-sensitive response. Moreover, we identify a putative ERα-binding region near the TLR8 locus and blocking ERα expression significantly decreases E2-mediated TLR8 induction. Our findings characterize TLR8 as a novel estrogen target gene that can lower the inflammatory threshold and implicate an IFNα-independent inflammatory mechanism that could contribute to higher SLE incidence in women.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.