ArticleAddiction (Abingdon, England)2014
Time to first cigarette predicts 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol (NNAL) in adolescent regular and intermittent smokers, National Health and Nutrition and Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007-10.
Article in Addiction (Abingdon, England), 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Household Smoking Restrictions, Time to First Cigarette and Tobacco Dependence.Journal of smoking cessation · 2021Article
- Research on Youth and Young Adult Tobacco Use, 2013-2018, From the Food and Drug Administration-National Institutes of Health Tobacco Centers of Regulatory Science.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2020Review
- Time to first cigarette of the day and 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol (NNAL) in adult regular and non-daily smokers: (NHANES) 2007-10.Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology : RTP · 2019Article
- Black Light Smokers: How Nicotine Intake and Carcinogen Exposure Differ Across Various Biobehavioral Factors.Journal of the National Medical Association · 2019Article
- School-level disadvantage and failed cessation treatment among adolescent smokers.Tobacco prevention & cessation · 2018Article
- Adolescent Rats Self-Administer Less Nicotine Than Adults at Low Doses.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2016Article
- Time to First Cigarette and Hypertension in Korean Male Smokers.Korean journal of family medicine · 2015Article
- Nighttime Waking to Smoke, Stress, and Nicotine Addiction.Behavioral sleep medicineArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
aimsThe time to first cigarette (TTFC) of the day is an indicator of nicotine intake in adults and adolescents. However, the relation between TTFC and biological markers of nicotine addiction and health risk in youths has not been well described. The current study examined whether an earlier TTFC predicts higher levels of a tobacco-specific carcinogen, 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridal)-1 (NNAL), in regular and intermittent adolescent smokers and if this relation is mediated by nicotine intake (measured by cotinine) or cigarettes per day (CPD).
designA cross-sectional analysis of a nationally representative subsample of adolescents.
settingA general community sample from the 2007-08 and 2009-10 National Health and Nutrition and Examination Survey.
participantsA total of 215 adolescents in the United States between the ages of 12 and 19 years who reported smoking at least once in the 5 days prior to data collection. MEASUREMENTS: The primary outcome measure was urinary levels of NNAL.
findingsIn both regular and intermittent smokers, earlier TTFC was associated dose-dependently with higher levels of NNAL (P < 0.03 in both cases). TTFC had an indirect effect on NNAL, mediated by nicotine intake (cotinine) in both regular [β = -0.08, standard error (SE) = 0.03, 95% confidence interval (CI) = -0.15, -0.03] and intermittent (β = -0.02, SE = 0.01, 95% CI = -0.05, -0.002) smokers. CPD was not found to be an important mediator of the relation between TTFC and NNAL.
conclusionsTime between waking and the first cigarette of the day is correlated in daily and non-daily adolescent smokers with overall nicotine and therefore carcinogen intake.
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