ArticlePloS one2014
Not all smokers die young: a model for hidden heterogeneity within the human population.
Article in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Physical Resilience in Older Adults: Systematic Review and Development of an Emerging Construct.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2016Pooled it
- A Systematic Review of Conceptual Frameworks of Medical Complexity and New Model Development.Journal of general internal medicine · 2016Pooled it
- Article
- Early-life exposure to tobacco, genetic susceptibility, and accelerated biological aging in adulthood.Science advances · 2024Article
- Age, Education, and Stress Affect Ageing Males' Symptoms More than Lifestyle Does: The Wroclaw Male Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Interactions between Polygenic Scores and Environments: Methodological and Conceptual Challenges.Sociological science · 2020Article
- THE EXPOSOME IN HUMAN EVOLUTION: FROM DUST TO DIESEL.The Quarterly review of biology · 2019Article
- Blood Biochemistry Analysis to Detect Smoking Status and Quantify Accelerated Aging in Smokers.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Predictors and Implications of Accelerated Cognitive Aging.Biodemography and social biology · 2018Article
- A peripheral blood biomarker estimates probability of survival: the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio in noncancer patients.Biomarkers in medicine · 2016Article
- A Genetic Network Associated With Stress Resistance, Longevity, and Cancer in Humans.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2016Article
- Survival Prognosis in Very Old Adults.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The ability of some individuals to reach extreme old age in the presence of clearly high exposure to damaging factors may signal an innate biological advantage. For this study we used data on 4,655 current and never smokers, ages 50 and above, from NHANES III to examine whether long-lived smokers represent a biologically resilient phenotype that could facilitate our understanding of heterogeneity in the aging process. Using a proportional hazards model, our results showed that while smoking significantly increased mortality in most age groups, it did not increase the mortality risk for those who were age 80 and over at baseline. Additionally when comparing the adjusted means of biomarkers between never and current smokers, we found that long-lived smokers (80+) had similar inflammation, HDL, and lung function levels to never smokers. Given that factors which allow some individuals to withstand smoking may also enable others to cope with everyday biological stressors, the investigation of long-lived smokers may eventually allow us to identify molecular and genetic mechanisms which enable longevity extension.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.