Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24518758›Full record

ArticleBlood2014

The role of KIR genes and their cognate HLA class I ligands in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Adam J de Smith, Kyle M Walsh, Martha B Ladner, Siming Zhang, Carmen Xiao, Franziska Cohen, Theodore B Moore, Anand P Chokkalingam, Catherine Metayer, Patricia A Buffler and 2 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Blood, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
26citing papers in PubMed
2.7field-weighted citation impact, top 10% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

26 citing papers in PubMed, 45 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. The Role of Killer Ig-like Receptors in Diseases from A to Z.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Review
  3. Review
  4. Frontiers in genetics · 2025
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Frequency of HLA alleles and KIR Ligands in Acute Myeloid Leukemia in Indian Cohort.Indian journal of hematology & blood transfusion : an official journal of Indian Society of Hematology and Blood Transfusion · 2023
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
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  16. Article
  17. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Adam J de SmithDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and.
Kyle M Walsh
Martha B Ladner
Siming Zhang
Carmen Xiao
Franziska Cohen
Theodore B Moore
Anand P Chokkalingam
Catherine Metayer
Patricia A Buffler
Elizabeth A Trachtenberg
Joseph L Wiemels
Berkeley Public Health Division · USNeurological Surgery · USUniversity of California, Berkeley · USUniversity of California, Los Angeles · US

Funding

Training CoreP42ES004705 · NIEHS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY · PI SMITH, MARTYN T · 1987 to 2025
$74.6M
Therapeutic Potential of Adaptive NK Cells in Cancer and TransplantationP01CA111412 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA TWIN CITIES · PI FELICES, MARTIN · 2005 to 2025
$38.2M
Environmental and Molecular Epidemiology of Childhood LeukemiaR01ES009137 · NIEHS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY · PI METAYER, CATHERINE · 1999 to 2013
$21.1M
The Role of HLA and KIR in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Crohn's DiseaseU01AI067068 · NIAID · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI ERLICH, HENRY A, TRACHTENBERG, ELIZABETH A · 2005 to 2014
$10.9M
Training in Molecular& Genetic Epidemiology of CancerR25CA112355 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI WITTE, JOHN S. · 2005 to 2018
$6.5M
Genome-Wide Association Study of Childhood Leukemia by Hispanic StatusR01CA155461 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI MA, XIAOMEI, WIEMELS, JOSEPH LEO · 2011 to 2014
$4.1M
Project 3: Prenatal Exposure, DNA Methylation & Childhood LeukemiaP01ES018172 · NIEHS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY · PI METAYER, CATHERINE · 2009 to 2013
$3.7M
NCI NIH HHS P01 CA111412NCI NIH HHS P01CA111412NCI NIH HHS R01 CA155461NCI NIH HHS R01CA155461NCI NIH HHS R25 CA112355NCI NIH HHS R25CA112355NIAID NIH HHS 5U01AI067068NIAID NIH HHS U01 AI067068NIEHS NIH HHS P01 ES018172NIEHS NIH HHS P01ES018172NIEHS NIH HHS P42 ES004705NIEHS NIH HHS P42ES004705NIEHS NIH HHS R01 ES009137NIEHS NIH HHS R01ES09137PHS HHS P002051901
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs), via interaction with their cognate HLA class I ligands, play a crucial role in the development and activity of natural killer cells. Following recent reports of KIR gene associations in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), we present a more in-depth investigation of KIR genes and their cognate HLA ligands on childhood ALL risk. Genotyping of 16 KIR genes, along with HLA class I groups C1/C2 and Bw4 supertype ligands, was carried out in 212 childhood ALL cases and 231 healthy controls. Frequencies of KIR genes, KIR haplotypes, and combinations of KIR-HLA ligands were tested for disease association using logistic regression analyses. KIR A/A genotype frequency was significantly increased in cases (33.5%) compared with controls (24.2%) (odds ratio [OR] = 1.57; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.04-2.39). Stratifying analysis by ethnicity, a significant difference in KIR genotype frequency was demonstrated in Hispanic cases (34.2%) compared with controls (21.9%) (OR = 1.86; 95% CI, 1.05-3.31). Homozygosity for the HLA-Bw4 allele was strongly associated with increased ALL risk exclusively in non-Hispanic white children (OR = 3.93; 95% CI, 1.44-12.64). Our findings suggest a role for KIR genes and their HLA ligands in childhood ALL etiology that may vary among ethnic groups.

Indexed as

Case-Control StudiesChildChild, PreschoolFemaleGene FrequencyGenes, MHC Class IHaplotypesHLA-B AntigensHumansLigandsMalePrecursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-LymphomaReceptors, KIRHLA-B AntigensHLA-Bw4 antigenHLA-Bw6 antigenLigandsReceptors, KIR

Identifiers

PMID24518758
PMCPMC3990912
OpenAlexW2016753997

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.