ArticleEuropean journal of clinical nutrition2014
Eating frequency is inversely associated with blood pressure and hypertension in Korean adults: analysis of the Third Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
Article in European journal of clinical nutrition, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Eating frequency and weight and body composition: a systematic review of observational studies.Public health nutrition · 2017Pooled it
- No Effect of High Eating Frequency Compared with Low Eating Frequency on Appetite and Inflammation Biomarkers: Results from a Randomized Crossover Clinical Trial.The Journal of nutrition · 2024Trial
- Effect of energy intake expenditure balance on sleep duration: a cross-sectional study concerning the 2019, 2020, and 2022 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys.Korean journal of family medicine · 2026Article
- Eating patterns in relation to anthropometrics and blood pressure among adults with overweight and obesity - a cross-sectional study.Upsala journal of medical sciences · 2025Article
- Protein-bound uremic toxins as therapeutic targets for cardiovascular, kidney, and metabolic disorders.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Review
- Association of Nightly Fasting, Meal Frequency, and Skipping Meals with Metabolic Syndrome among Kuwaiti Adults.Nutrients · 2024Article
- Eating patterns in Korean adults, 1998-2018: increased energy contribution of ultra-processed foods in main meals and snacks.European journal of nutrition · 2024Article
- Gender Difference of the Association between Energy Intake Expenditure Balance and Depression among Korean Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study from the 2014, 2016, and 2018 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.Korean journal of family medicine · 2023Article
- Association between daily eating frequency and mortality in people with diabetes: Findings from NHANES 1999-2014.Frontiers in nutrition · 2023Article
- Cardiorenal Metabolic Consequences of Nighttime Snacking: Is it an Innocent Eating Behavior?Current nutrition reports · 2022Review
- Eating Speed, Eating Frequency, and Their Relationships with Diet Quality, Adiposity, and Metabolic Syndrome, or Its Components.Nutrients · 2021Review
- Longitudinal Associations of Toothbrushing With Obesity and Hyperglycemia.Journal of epidemiology · 2020Article
- Associations of Meal Timing and Frequency with Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome among Korean Adults.Nutrients · 2019Article
- Eating patterns of Australian adults: associations with blood pressure and hypertension prevalence.European journal of nutrition · 2019Article
- Article
- Association of meal frequency with metabolic syndrome in Korean adults: from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES).Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND/
objectivesA lower eating frequency (EF) has been suggested to be important in the development of cardiovascular risk factors such as obesity and hyperlipidemia. However, the association between EF and blood pressure (BP) remains unclear. SUBJECTS/
methodsThe aim of this study was to explore the association of EF with BP and hypertension after adjusting for confounding variables, including body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC). This cross-sectional study used data from the Third Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. A total of 4625 subjects aged ≥ 19 years were included. To explore the association of EF with BP and hypertension, we performed multiple linear regression analyses and multiple logistic regression analyses for survey design, respectively.
resultsEF was inversely associated with systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP). As EF increased from ≤ 2 to 3, 4 and ≥ 5 times per day, estimated adjusted means of both SBP and DBP decreased, showing a significant linear trend independent of obesity (SBP: 120.66, 120.23, 119.18 and 117.92 mm Hg, respectively; P<0.001; DBP: 78.36, 77.78, 77.25 and 76.50 mm Hg, respectively; P=0.004). The inverse association between EF and hypertension was gradually attenuated and significant after adjustment for confounding variables including BMI and WC (P=0.040).
conclusionsThis study suggests that lower EF is significantly associated with higher BP, which may be partially mediated by the effect of central obesity. Further prospective studies are needed to verify this causal relationship.
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