ArticleAmerican journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism2014
Electrical stimulation induces IL-6 in skeletal muscle through extracellular ATP by activating Ca(2+) signals and an IL-6 autocrine loop.
Article in American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 60 citations in OpenAlex.
- Two-Way Communication Between Skeletal Muscle and Myokines.Cell biochemistry and function · 2026Review
- Brown adipose tissue and skeletal muscle coordinately contribute to thermogenesis in mice.eLife · 2025Article
- Myokines May Be the Answer to the Beneficial Immunomodulation of Tailored Exercise-A Narrative Review.Biomolecules · 2024Review
- Electrical Stimulation Prevents Muscular Atrophy and the Decrease of Interleukin-6 in Paralyzed Muscles after Spinal Cord Injury in Rats.Revista brasileira de ortopedia · 2024Article
- Interleukin-6 in Traumatic Brain Injury: A Janus-Faced Player in Damage and Repair.Journal of neurotrauma · 2023Review
- Unilateral Hypofunction of the Masseter Leads to Molecular and 3D Morphometric Signs of Atrophy in Ipsilateral Agonist Masticatory Muscles in Adult Mice.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Article
- Probenecid affects muscle Ca2+ homeostasis and contraction independently from pannexin channel block.The Journal of general physiology · 2023Article
- Fibroblast growth factor 21 is expressed and secreted from skeletal muscle following electrical stimulationFrontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
- IL-6 signaling in acute exercise and chronic training: Potential consequences for health and athletic performance.Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports · 2023Review
- Mechanical Disturbance of Osteoclasts Induces ATP Release That Leads to Protein Synthesis in Skeletal Muscle through an Akt-mTOR Signaling Pathway.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Interleukin 6 as an energy allocator in muscle tissue.Nature metabolism · 2022Review
- Role of Pannexin-1-P2X7R signaling on cell death and pro-inflammatory mediator expression induced byFrontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Temporomandibular Disorders Slow Down the Regeneration Process of Masticatory Muscles: Transcriptomic Analysis.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2021Article
- Schizophrenia Plays a Negative Role in the Pathological Development of Myocardial Infarction at Multiple Biological Levels.Frontiers in genetics · 2021Article
- Ouabain Suppresses IL-6/STAT3 Signaling and Promotes Cytokine Secretion in Cultured Skeletal Muscle Cells.Frontiers in physiology · 2020Article
- Extracellular ATP Increases Glucose Metabolism in Skeletal Muscle Cells in a P2 Receptor Dependent Manner but Does Not Contribute to Palmitate-Induced Insulin Resistance.Frontiers in physiology · 2020Article
- Microphysiological sensing platform for an in-situ detection of tissue-secreted cytokines.Biosensors & bioelectronics: X · 2019Article
- Regulation of Myogenic Activity by Substrate and Electrical StimulationBioResearch open access · 2019Article
- ATP-Induced Increase in Intracellular Calcium Levels and Subsequent Activation of mTOR as Regulators of Skeletal Muscle Hypertrophy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2018Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is an important myokine that is highly expressed in skeletal muscle cells upon exercise. We assessed IL-6 expression in response to electrical stimulation (ES) or extracellular ATP as a known mediator of the excitation-transcription mechanism in skeletal muscle. We examined whether the canonical signaling cascade downstream of IL-6 (IL-6/JAK2/STAT3) also responds to muscle cell excitation, concluding that IL-6 influences its own expression through a positive loop. Either ES or exogenous ATP (100 μM) increased both IL-6 expression and p-STAT3 levels in rat myotubes, a process inhibited by 100 μM suramin and 2 U/ml apyrase. ATP also evoked IL-6 expression in both isolated skeletal fibers and extracts derived from whole FDB muscles. ATP increased IL-6 release up to 10-fold. STAT3 activation evoked by ATP was abolished by the JAK2 inhibitor HBC. Blockade of secreted IL-6 with a neutralizing antibody or preincubation with the STAT3 inhibitor VIII reduced STAT3 activation evoked by extracellular ATP by 70%. Inhibitor VIII also reduced by 70% IL-6 expression evoked by ATP, suggesting a positive IL-6 loop. In addition, ATP increased up to 60% the protein levels of SOCS3, a negative regulator of the IL-6 signaling pathway. On the other hand, intracellular calcium chelation or blockade of IP3-dependent calcium signals abolished STAT3 phosphorylation evoked by either extracellular ATP or ES. These results suggest that expression of IL-6 in stimulated skeletal muscle cells is mediated by extracellular ATP and nucleotide receptors, involving IP3-dependent calcium signals as an early step that triggers a positive IL-6 autocrine loop.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.