ArticleThe Journal of investigative dermatology2014
TNF-α and Th2 cytokines induce atopic dermatitis-like features on epidermal differentiation proteins and stratum corneum lipids in human skin equivalents.
Article in The Journal of investigative dermatology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 147 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
147 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 314 citations in OpenAlex.
- A meta-analysis of the traditional herb Zicao and its active components for atopic dermatitis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- European and multi-ancestry genome-wide association meta-analysis of atopic dermatitis highlights importance of systemic immune regulation.Nature communications · 2023Pooled it
- Alterations of Ultra Long-Chain Fatty Acids in Hereditary Skin Diseases-Review Article.Frontiers in medicine · 2021Pooled it
- Meta-analysis derived atopic dermatitis (MADAD) transcriptome defines a robust AD signature highlighting the involvement of atherosclerosis and lipid metabolism pathways.BMC medical genomics · 2015Pooled it
- Randomised controlled trial of mānuka oil-based ECMT-154™ vs. vehicle control for the topical treatment of eczema, conducted in community pharmacies in New Zealand.BMC complementary medicine and therapies · 2026Trial
- Transcriptomic profiling suggests restoration of epidermal barrier-associated lipid metabolism in Egr1-deficient skin following house dust mite exposure.Genes & genomics · 2026Article
- Recent advances in immunocompetent human skin-on-chip models: Construction strategies and biomedical applications.Bioactive materials · 2026Review
- Current research landscape and future prospects of in silico modeling approaches for atopic dermatitis.JID innovations : skin science from molecules to population health · 2026Review
- Effects of Activin A on Cytokine Expression in Fibroblasts and Keratinocytes Under Atopic Dermatitis-Like Conditions.Annals of dermatology · 2026Article
- IL-27 signaling mediates skin inflammation in experimental psoriasis and atopic dermatitis.Cell & bioscience · 2026Article
- Influence of Oral Collagen Peptides on Skin Biophysical Properties in Humans: A Narrative Review.Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology · 2026Review
- Biologic Therapies Targeting Type 2 Signaling in Atopic Dermatitis: A Comparative Review of Structural and Thermodynamic Differences in Mechanism of Action.The Journal of investigative dermatology · 2025Review
- Article
- A genome-wide pleiotropy study between atopic dermatitis and neuropsychiatric disorders.Human genomics · 2025Article
- Several Proinflammatory Genes' Variability and Phenotypes of Atopic Dermatitis in Czech Adult AD Patients.Genes · 2025Article
- Update on the genetics of allergic diseases.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2025Review
- Atopic Dermatitis: The Relationship Between Immune Mediators and Skin Lipid Barrier.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2025Review
- Investigation of potential biomarkers for psoriasis in skin with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry and ambient ionization mass spectrometry.Journal of mass spectrometry and advances in the clinical lab · 2025Article
- Reconstructed Epidermis Produced with Atopic Dog Keratinocytes Only Exhibit Skin Barrier Defects after the Addition of Proinflammatory and Allergic Cytokines.JID innovations : skin science from molecules to population health · 2025Article
87 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease in which the skin barrier function is disrupted. In this inflammatory AD environment, cytokines are upregulated, but the cytokine effect on the AD skin barrier is not fully understood. We aimed to investigate the influence of Th2 (IL-4, IL-13, IL-31) and pro-inflammatory (tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α)) cytokines on epidermal morphogenesis, proliferation, differentiation, and stratum corneum lipid properties. For this purpose, we used the Leiden epidermal model (LEM) in which the medium was supplemented with these cytokines. Our results show that IL-4, IL-13, IL-31, and TNF-α induce spongiosis, augment TSLP secretion by keratinocytes, and alter early and terminal differentiation-protein expression in LEMs. TNF-α alone or in combination with Th2 cytokines decreases the level of long chain free fatty acids (FFAs) and ester linked ω-hydroxy (EO) ceramides, consequently affecting the lipid organization. IL-31 increases long chain FFAs in LEMs but decreases relative abundance of EO ceramides. These findings clearly show that supplementation with TNF-α and Th2 cytokines influence epidermal morphogenesis and barrier function. As a result, these LEMs show similar characteristics as found in AD skin and can be used as an excellent tool for screening formulations and drugs for the treatment of AD.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.