ReviewInterface focus2013
Co-infection and super-infection models in evolutionary epidemiology.
Review in Interface focus, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Mechanistic Models of Virus-Bacteria Co-Infections in Humans: A Systematic Review of Methods and Assumptions.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Pooled it
- Viral Co-Infection in Bats: A Systematic Review.Viruses · 2023Pooled it
- Modelling assessment of epidemiological strategies based on self-screening tools.Communications medicine · 2026Article
- Concurrent infections byParasitology · 2026Article
- Bat things come in threes: within-host dynamics of herpesvirus triple infection in bats.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- Horizontal gene transfer, segregation loss, and the speed of microbial adaptation.Evolution letters · 2025Article
- Role of individual and population heterogeneity in shaping dynamics of multi-pathogen shedding in an island endemic bat.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Environmental variability and pathogen synergy influencing tilapia lake virus outbreaks on tilapia farms in Tamil Nadu, India.Archives of virology · 2025Article
- Inference of Pairwise Interactions from Strain Frequency Data Across Settings and Context-Dependent Mutual Invasibilities.Bulletin of mathematical biology · 2025Article
- The Dominance of Coinfecting Parasites' Indirect Genetic Effects on Host Traits.The American naturalist · 2024Article
- Review
- Tolerance-conferring defensive symbionts and the evolution of parasite virulence.Evolution letters · 2023Article
- Consequences of microsporidian prior exposure for virus infection outcomes and bumble bee host health.Oecologia · 2023Article
- How do fluctuating ecological dynamics impact the evolution of hosts and parasites?Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2023Review
- Effective Preventative Measures are Essential to Lower Disease Burden From Dengue and COVID-19 Co-infection in Bangladesh.Environmental health insights · 2023Article
- Nonlinear optimal control strategies for a mathematical model of COVID-19 and influenza co-infection.Physica A · 2022Article
- Epidemiological dynamics of bacteriocin competition and antibiotic resistance.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2022Article
- Revisiting implementation of multiple natural enemies in pest management.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- A time-since-infection model for populations with two pathogens.Theoretical population biology · 2022Article
- A Scoping Review of Drug Epidemic Models.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Multiple infections are intensively studied because of their consequences for the health of the host but also because they can radically alter the selective pressures acting on parasites. I discuss how multiple infections have been modelled in evolutionary epidemiology. First, I briefly mention within-host models, which are at the root of these epidemiological models. Then, I present the super-infection framework, with an original focus on how the definition of the super-infection function can lead to evolutionary branching. There are several co-infection models and, for each of them, I briefly go through the underlying mathematics (especially the invasion fitness of a mutant strain) and I discuss the biological assumptions they make and the questions they consequently may ask. In particular, I show that a widely used co-infection model should not be invoked for invasion analyses because it confers a frequency-dependent advantage to rare neutral mutants. Finally, I present more recent frameworks, such as the Price equation framework in epidemiology, that can account for increased parasite diversity. To conclude, I discuss some perspectives for the study of multiple infections in evolutionary epidemiology.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.