Observational studyPediatrics2014
Epidemiology of tuberculosis in young children in the United States.
Observational study in Pediatrics, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- Global, Regional, and National Burden of Tuberculosis Among Children: A Population-Based Study.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2026Article
- Clinical characteristic, common sites, and geographical distribution of pediatric tuberculosis patients in Southwest China.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2024Article
- Spatial Distribution and Temporal Trend of Childhood Tuberculosis in Brazil.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2022Article
- Treatment Outcomes of Childhood TB Patients in Four TB High Burden States of Malaysia: Results from a Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Interferon-γ Release Assays in Children <15 Years of Age.Pediatrics · 2020Article
- Prevalence of latent tuberculosis among refugee children in Malaysia.ERJ open research · 2020Article
- Epidemiology of tuberculosis among children and adolescents in the USA, 2007-17: an analysis of national surveillance data.The Lancet. Public health · 2019Article
- The impact of migration on tuberculosis in the United States.The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease · 2018Review
- Using Reports of Latent Tuberculosis Infection Among Young Children to Identify Tuberculosis Transmission in New York City, 2006-2012.American journal of epidemiology · 2018Article
- Towards the elimination of paediatric tuberculosis in high-income, immigrant-receiving countries: a 25-year conventional and molecular epidemiological case study.ERJ open research · 2018Article
- Childhood multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in the European Union and European Economic Area: an analysis of tuberculosis surveillance data from 2007 to 2015.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2017Article
- Pediatric Tuberculosis in Northern Sardinia.Mediterranean journal of hematology and infectious diseases · 2017Article
- Tuberculosis: Is the landscape changing?Pediatric research · 2017Review
- Pediatric Tuberculosis in Italian Children: Epidemiological and Clinical Data from the Italian Register of Pediatric Tuberculosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2016Article
- Missed opportunities for tuberculosis screening in primary care.The Journal of pediatrics · 2015Article
- Childhood tuberculosis: a concern of the modern world.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2014Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 8 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesTo estimate tuberculosis (TB) rates among young children in the United States by children's and parents' birth origins and describe the epidemiology of TB among young children who are foreign-born or have at least 1 foreign-born parent.
methodsStudy subjects were children <5 years old diagnosed with TB in 20 US jurisdictions during 2005-2006. TB rates were calculated from jurisdictions' TB case counts and American Community Survey population estimates. An observational study collected demographics, immigration and travel histories, and clinical and source case details from parental interviews and health department and TB surveillance records.
resultsCompared with TB rates among US-born children with US-born parents, rates were 32 times higher in foreign-born children and 6 times higher in US-born children with foreign-born parents. Most TB cases (53%) were among the 29% of children who were US born with foreign-born parents. In the observational study, US-born children with foreign-born parents were more likely than foreign-born children to be infants (30% vs. 7%), Hispanic (73% vs. 37%), diagnosed through contact tracing (40% vs. 7%), and have an identified source case (61% vs. 19%); two-thirds of children were exposed in the United States.
conclusionsYoung children who are US born of foreign-born parents have relatively high rates of TB and account for most cases in this age group. Prompt diagnosis and treatment of adult source cases, effective contact investigations prioritizing young contacts, and targeted testing and treatment of latent TB infection are necessary to reduce TB morbidity in this population.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.