ReviewMetabolic brain disease2015
Contributions of glycogen to astrocytic energetics during brain activation.
Review in Metabolic brain disease, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 59 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
59 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 103 citations in OpenAlex.
- Glucose sparing by glycogenolysis (GSG) determines the relationship between brain metabolism and neurotransmission.Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2022Pooled it
- A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of triheptanoin in adult polyglucosan body disease and open-label, long-term outcome.Journal of inherited metabolic disease · 2018Trial
- Computational Modeling of Neurotransmitter Cycling Predicts Human Brain Glutamate and GABA Dynamics in Response to Acute Administration of Exogenous Ketones.Neurochemical research · 2026Article
- Osteocalcin modulates hippocampal activities and influences glycophagy within astrocytes in a chronic unpredictable mild stress mouse model.Comprehensive psychoneuroendocrinology · 2025Article
- Neural Metabolic Networks: Key Elements of Healthy Brain Function.Journal of neurochemistry · 2025Review
- Effects of hypoxia-reoxygenation on the bioenergetics and oxidative stress in the isolated mitochondria of the king scallop, Pecten maximus.The Journal of experimental biology · 2025Article
- The dentate gyrus differentially metabolizes glucose and alternative fuels during rest and stimulation.Journal of neurochemistry · 2024Article
- Article
- Astrocyte-neuron lactate shuttle plays a pivotal role in sensory-based neuroprotection in a rat model of permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Central Facial Nervous System Biomolecules Involved in Peripheral Facial Nerve Injury Responses and Potential Therapeutic Strategies.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Astrocyte-neuron lactate shuttle plays a pivotal role in sensory-based neuroprotection in a rat model of permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion.Research square · 2023Article
- Role of Astrocytes in the Pathophysiology of Lafora Disease and Other Glycogen Storage Disorders.Cells · 2023Review
- Potential new roles for glycogen in epilepsy.Epilepsia · 2023Review
- Elevated Level of Cerebrospinal Fluid Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinase 4 Is a Predictive Biomarker of Clinical Outcome after Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.Brain sciences · 2022Article
- Astrocyte-derived lactate/NADH alters methamphetamine-induced memory consolidation and retrieval by regulating neuronal synaptic plasticity in the dorsal hippocampus.Brain structure & function · 2022Article
- Metabolic Contribution and Cerebral Blood Flow Regulation by Astrocytes in the Neurovascular Unit.Cells · 2022Review
- Neuroprotection and Disease Modification by Astrocytes and Microglia in Parkinson Disease.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Monocarboxylate Transporter 1 May Benefit Cerebral IschemiaFrontiers in neurology · 2022Review
- The role of SLC transporters for brain health and disease.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2021Review
- Astrocyte Activation in Neurovascular Damage and Repair Following Ischaemic Stroke.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Glycogen is the major store of glucose in brain and is mainly in astrocytes. Brain glycogen levels in unstimulated, carefully-handled rats are 10-12 μmol/g, and assuming that astrocytes account for half the brain mass, astrocytic glycogen content is twice as high. Glycogen turnover is slow under basal conditions, but it is mobilized during activation. There is no net increase in incorporation of label from glucose during activation, whereas label release from pre-labeled glycogen exceeds net glycogen consumption, which increases during stronger stimuli. Because glycogen level is restored by non-oxidative metabolism, astrocytes can influence the global ratio of oxygen to glucose utilization. Compensatory increases in utilization of blood glucose during inhibition of glycogen phosphorylase are large and approximate glycogenolysis rates during sensory stimulation. In contrast, glycogenolysis rates during hypoglycemia are low due to continued glucose delivery and oxidation of endogenous substrates; rates that preserve neuronal function in the absence of glucose are also low, probably due to metabolite oxidation. Modeling studies predict that glycogenolysis maintains a high level of glucose-6-phosphate in astrocytes to maintain feedback inhibition of hexokinase, thereby diverting glucose for use by neurons. The fate of glycogen carbon in vivo is not known, but lactate efflux from brain best accounts for the major metabolic characteristics during activation of living brain. Substantial shuttling coupled with oxidation of glycogen-derived lactate is inconsistent with available evidence. Glycogen has important roles in astrocytic energetics, including glucose sparing, control of extracellular K(+) level, oxidative stress management, and memory consolidation; it is a multi-functional compound.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.