ArticleMolecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.)2014
Transforming growth factor-β1 downregulates vascular endothelial growth factor-D expression in human lung fibroblasts via the Jun NH2-terminal kinase signaling pathway.
Article in Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.), 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-D Improves Lung Vascular Integrity During Acute Lung Injury.Circulation research · 2026Article
- The role of TGF-β1 in chronic multilobar segmental bronchial stenosis and advances in targeted drug research.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- Review
- TGF-β signaling: critical nexus of fibrogenesis and cancer.Journal of translational medicine · 2024Review
- Transcriptomic characterization of lung pericytes in systemic sclerosis-associated pulmonary fibrosis.iScience · 2024Article
- Radotinib attenuates TGFβ -mediated pulmonary fibrosis in vitro and in vivo: exploring the potential of drug repurposing.BMC pharmacology & toxicology · 2022Article
- The Role of the VEGF Family in Atherosclerosis Development and Its Potential as Treatment Targets.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- TGF‑β1: Gentlemanly orchestrator in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2021Review
- VEGFR1-tyrosine kinase signaling in pulmonary fibrosis.Inflammation and regeneration · 2021Review
- The Role of the VEGF Family in Coronary Heart Disease.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2021Review
- Examining multiple cellular pathways at once using multiplex hextuple luciferase assaying.Nature communications · 2019Article
- Palmitic Acid-Rich High-Fat Diet Exacerbates Experimental Pulmonary Fibrosis by Modulating Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress.American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology · 2019Article
- Roles of the TGF-β⁻VEGF-C Pathway in Fibrosis-Related Lymphangiogenesis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2018Review
- Emerging Roles for VEGF-D in Human Disease.Biomolecules · 2018Review
- Aberrant SYK Kinase Signaling Is Essential for Tumorigenesis Induced by TSC2 Inactivation.Cancer research · 2017Article
- Pulmonary Vasculopathy Associated with FIGF Gene Mutation.The American journal of pathology · 2017Article
- Downregulation of long non-coding RNA ANRIL suppresses lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis in colorectal cancer.Oncotarget · 2016Article
- Immunoexpression of TGF-β/Smad and VEGF-A proteins in serum and BAL fluid of sarcoidosis patients.BMC immunology · 2015Article
- Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-3 is a novel target to improve net ultrafiltration in methylglyoxal-induced peritoneal injury.Laboratory investigation; a journal of technical methods and pathology · 2015Article
- Radiation-induced impairment in lung lymphatic vasculature.Lymphatic research and biology · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-D, a member of the VEGF family, induces both angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis by activating VEGF receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) and VEGFR-3 on the surface of endothelial cells. Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 has been shown to stimulate VEGF-A expression in human lung fibroblast via the Smad3 signaling pathway and to induce VEGF-C in human proximal tubular epithelial cells. However, the effects of TGF-β1 on VEGF-D regulation are unknown. To investigate the regulation of VEGF-D, human lung fibroblasts were studied under pro-fibrotic conditions in vitro and in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) lung tissue. We demonstrate that TGF-β1 downregulates VEGF-D expression in a dose- and time-dependent manner in human lung fibroblasts. This TGF-β1 effect can be abolished by inhibitors of TGF-β type I receptor kinase and Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK), but not by Smad3 knockdown. In addition, VEGF-D knockdown in human lung fibroblasts induces G1/S transition and promotes cell proliferation. Importantly, VEGF-D protein expression is decreased in lung homogenates from IPF patients compared with control lung. In IPF lung sections, fibroblastic foci show very weak VEGF-D immunoreactivity, whereas VEGF-D is abundantly expressed within alveolar interstitial cells in control lung. Taken together, our data identify a novel mechanism for downstream signal transduction induced by TGF-β1 in lung fibroblasts, through which they may mediate tissue remodeling in IPF.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.