ArticleBehavioral neuroscience2014
Living in the moment: effects of time perspective and emotional valence of episodic thinking on delay discounting.
Article in Behavioral neuroscience, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 3 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 87 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Improving Delay Discounting to Decrease Harsh Parenting Among Parents Receiving Substance Use Treatment in Low Income Community
Further Forward: Future Thinking to Improve Parent-Child Relationships
Parent-Child Memory Study: Improving Future Thinking Among Mothers From a Traditionally Underserved Community to Reduce Harsh Parenting and Improve Child Outcomes - A Randomized Controlled Trial
Who cites it
87 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Deprivation Has Inconsistent Effects on Delay Discounting: A Review.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2022Pooled it
- Behavioral trainings and manipulations to reduce delay discounting: A systematic review.Psychonomic bulletin & review · 2019Pooled it
- Experimental reductions of delay discounting and impulsive choice: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of experimental psychology. General · 2018Pooled it
- Neural correlates of personal goal processing during episodic future thinking and mind-wandering: An ALE meta-analysis.Human brain mapping · 2015Pooled it
- Imagining emotional events benefits future-oriented decisions.Quarterly journal of experimental psychology (2006) · 2022Trial
- Episodic Future Thinking about Smoking-Related Illness: A Preliminary Investigation of Effects on Delay Discounting, Cigarette Craving, and Cigarette Demand.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Trial
- Future thinking to decrease real-world drinking in alcohol use disorder: Repairing reinforcer pathology in a randomized proof-of-concept trial.Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology · 2022Trial
- Targeted self-regulation interventions in low-income children: Clinical trial results and implications for health behavior change.Journal of experimental child psychology · 2021Trial
- Bleak present, bright future: II. Combined effects of episodic future thinking and scarcity on delay discounting in adults at risk for type 2 diabetes.Journal of behavioral medicine · 2021Trial
- Unstuck in time: episodic future thinking reduces delay discounting and cigarette smoking.Psychopharmacology · 2016Trial
- Using episodic future thinking (or not?) to optimize decision-making.Psychonomic bulletin & review · 2026Review
- Digital Episodic Future Thinking Intervention (Luminaut): Co-Design and Iterative Development Study.JMIR human factors · 2026Article
- Applications of episodic future thinking in patients with chronic diseases: a scoping review.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Episodic future thinking modulates delay discounting in individuals with problematic substance use: a narrative review.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Review
- The neural substrates responsible for reward sensitivity association with delay discounting: left dorsal anterior cingulate cortex connectivity with right precuneus.Brain structure & function · 2025Article
- Exploring the association between episodic future thinking and learning engagement under intrinsic motivation mediation and teacher support moderation.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The vmPFC-IPL functional connectivity as the neural basis of future self-continuity impacted procrastination: the mediating role of anticipated positive outcomes.Behavioral and brain functions : BBF · 2024Article
- Impaired risk avoidance in bipolar disorder and substance use disorders.Journal of psychiatric research · 2022Article
- Comparing Smoking Cessation Interventions among Underserved Patients Referred for Lung Cancer Screening: A Pragmatic Trial Protocol.Annals of the American Thoracic Society · 2022Article
- Putting prospection into practice: Methodological considerations in the use of episodic future thinking to reduce delay discounting and maladaptive health behaviors.Frontiers in public health · 2022Review
27 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Excessive delay discounting (DD) has been related to various maladaptive behaviors and may stem from a myopic focus on immediate gratification. Neuroimaging studies have shown that episodic future thinking (EFT) -vivid mental simulation of future experiences-may reduce DD by promoting consideration of delayed outcomes. However, the EFT manipulations in these experiments may have induced positive affect, which could independently enhance executive functions that facilitate self-regulation. To clarify the mechanism of this effect, 87 participants were randomized to visualize neutral- or positive-valenced events expected to occur in the present or in the future while completing a standardized DD questionnaire. Working memory capacity, inhibitory control, the genotypes of 3 functional dopaminergic polymorphisms (DRD1 rs686, DRD2 rs1800497, and COMT rs4680), as well as an additive dopamine genetic risk score were assessed as potential moderators. The results indicate that EFT reduces DD primarily by shifting the time perspective of intertemporal decision-making, and that this effect is moderated by working memory capacity. In addition, positive episodic thinking may independently attenuate the protective effects of high working memory capacity, high inhibitory control, and lower dopamine genetic risk scores on DD. The current findings dovetail with previous research to suggest that the time perspective and emotional valence of episodic thinking may dynamically shape intertemporal choice, perhaps in part by transiently modulating executive function and dopaminergic neurotransmission.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.