Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24507518›Full record

ReviewHandbook of clinical neurology2014

The experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model of MS: utility for understanding disease pathophysiology and treatment.

Andrew P Robinson, Christopher T Harp, Avertano Noronha, Stephen D Miller

Registry-linked trialAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Handbook of clinical neurology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03089749 (Characterization of Human Autoantibody Titers After Central Nervous System Insult), which is not on this map. Cited by 252 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
252citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
112.6field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT03089749 terminatednot on this mapstarted 2015, after this paper: background citation

Characterization of Human Autoantibody Titers After Central Nervous System Insult

TypeobservationalSponsorUniversity of UtahRan2015 to 2019Enrolled63ConditionsBrain Injuries, Traumatic, Spinal Cord Trauma, Intracranial Neoplasm
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

252 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 451 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  4. Review
  5. The role of type I collagen in white matter injury.Anatomical science international · 2026
    Review
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  13. The role of DAP12 in immune-related inflammatory diseases.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2026
    Review
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192 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Andrew P RobinsonDepartment of Microbiology-Immunology and Interdepartmental Immunobiology Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
Christopher T HarpDepartment of Microbiology-Immunology and Interdepartmental Immunobiology Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
Avertano NoronhaDepartment of Neurology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
Stephen D MillerDepartment of Microbiology-Immunology and Interdepartmental Immunobiology Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA. Electronic address: s-d-miller@northwestern.edu.
Northwestern University · USUniversity of Chicago · US

Funding

IMMUNOREGULATION AND PATHOLOGY OF CHRONIC-RELAPSING EAER01NS026543 · NINDS · NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY AT CHICAGO · PI MILLER, STEPHEN D · 1988 to 2016
$5.0M
NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS026543
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

While no single model can exactly recapitulate all aspects of multiple sclerosis (MS), animal models are essential in understanding the induction and pathogenesis of the disease and to develop therapeutic strategies that limit disease progression and eventually lead to effective treatments for the human disease. Several different models of MS exist, but by far the best understood and most commonly used is the rodent model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). This model is typically induced by either active immunization with myelin-derived proteins or peptides in adjuvant or by passive transfer of activated myelin-specific CD4+ T lymphocytes. Mouse models are most frequently used because of the inbred genotype of laboratory mice, their rapid breeding capacity, the ease of genetic manipulation, and availability of transgenic and knockout mice to facilitate mechanistic studies. Although not all therapeutic strategies for MS have been developed in EAE, all of the current US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved immunomodulatory drugs are effective to some degree in treating EAE, a strong indicator that EAE is an extremely useful model to study potential treatments for MS. Several therapies, such as glatiramer acetate (GA: Copaxone), and natalizumab (Tysabri), were tested first in the mouse model of EAE and then went on to clinical trials. Here we discuss the usefulness of the EAE model in understanding basic disease pathophysiology and developing treatments for MS as well as the potential drawbacks of this model.

Indexed as

AnimalsB-LymphocytesDisease Models, AnimalEncephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, ExperimentalEpitopesHumansMultiple SclerosisT-LymphocytesEpitopesepitope spreadingExperimental autoimmune encephalomyelitisimmune toleranceimmunotherapyregulatory T-cellsTh1/Th17

Identifiers

PMID24507518
PMCPMC3981554
OpenAlexW1523338791

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.