ArticlePloS one2014
The Treg-specific demethylated region stabilizes Foxp3 expression independently of NF-κB signaling.
Article in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Precision Immunoregulation in transplantation: The rise of engineered Treg therapies.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- Clinical development of tacrolimus-resistant regulatory T cells to enable simultaneous immunosuppression and immune regulation.Molecular therapy. Advances · 2026Article
- Immune imbalance between T helper 1, T helper 17 and regulatory T cells fuels amyotrophic lateral sclerosis pathogenesis: disease trajectory, diagnosis and therapeutic implications.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Review
- Epigenetic editing to advance CAR T cell therapy.Clinical epigenetics · 2026Review
- From pathogenesis to therapy: the emerging role of regulatory T cells in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Review
- Regulatory T cell therapy in solid organ transplantation: mechanisms, translational progress, and remaining barriers.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- A stage-based framework to interpret regulatory T cell biology after heart transplantation.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Review
- Influence of a Th17-Inducing Cytokine Milieu on Phenotypical and Functional Properties of Regulatory T Cells in Chronic Inflammatory Arthritis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- The Difference of Milk-Derived Extracellular Vesicles from Cow Colostrum and Mature Milk on miRNAs Expression and Protecting Intestinal Epithelial Cells against Lipopolysaccharide Damage.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- CD4Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Modulation of the Response toFrontiers in microbiology · 2022Review
- Exosome-Derived MicroRNAs of Human Milk and Their Effects on Infant Health and Development.Biomolecules · 2021Review
- The Curcumin Analog GO-Y030 Controls the Generation and Stability of Regulatory T Cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- A Role for Folate in Microbiome-Linked Control of Autoimmunity.Journal of immunology research · 2021Review
- Rapamycin and abundant TCR stimulation are required for the generation of stable human induced regulatory T cells.Clinical & translational immunology · 2020Article
- Foxp3⁺ Treg Cells Are Associated with Pathological Process of Autoimmune Hepatitis by Activating Methylation Modification in Autoimmune Hepatitis Patients.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2019Article
- Notch and NF-κB: Coach and Players of Regulatory T-Cell Response in Cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Review
- Heterogeneity and Stability in Foxp3+ Regulatory T Cells.Journal of interferon & cytokine research : the official journal of the International Society for Interferon and Cytokine Research · 2017Review
- ALS patients' regulatory T lymphocytes are dysfunctional, and correlate with disease progression rate and severity.JCI insight · 2017Article
- Physical activity, black carbon exposure, and DNA methylation in theClinical epigenetics · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) obtain immunosuppressive capacity by the upregulation of forkhead box protein 3 (Foxp3), and persistent expression of this transcription factor is required to maintain their immune regulatory function and ensure immune homeostasis. Stable Foxp3 expression is achieved through epigenetic modification of the Treg-specific demethylated region (TSDR), an evolutionarily conserved non-coding element within the Foxp3 gene locus. Here, we present molecular data suggesting that TSDR enhancer activity is restricted to T cells and cannot be induced in other immune cells such as macrophages or B cells. Since NF-κB signaling has been reported to be instrumental to induce Foxp3 expression during Treg development, we analyzed how NF-κB factors are involved in the molecular regulation of the TSDR. Unexpectedly, we neither observed transcriptional activity of a previously postulated NF-κB binding site within the TSDR nor did the entire TSDR show any transcriptional responsiveness to NF-κB activation at all. Finally, the NF-κB subunit c-Rel revealed to be dispensable for epigenetic imprinting of sustained Foxp3 expression by TSDR demethylation. In conclusion, we show that NF-κB signaling is not substantially involved in TSDR-mediated stabilization of Foxp3 expression in Tregs.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.