Trial reportPloS one2014
HTLV-1 specific CD8+ T cell function augmented by blockade of 2B4/CD48 interaction in HTLV-1 infection.
Trial report in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immune Exhaustion in Chronic Infection and Cancer: Signaling Pathways and Therapeutic Interventions.MedComm · 2026Review
- 2B4/CD244 Signaling in Immune Regulation and Its Role in Infection, Cancer, and Immune Tolerance.ImmunoTargets and therapy · 2025Review
- Cellular Senescence in Immunity against Infections.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Patients with HIV-associated cancers have evidence of increased T cell dysfunction and exhaustion prior to cancer diagnosis.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2022Article
- Advances in Understanding the Roles of CD244 (SLAMF4) in Immune Regulation and Associated Diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Article
- The Roles of Coinhibitory Receptors in Pathogenesis of Human Retroviral Infections.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Review
- SV-BR-1-GM, a Clinically Effective GM-CSF-Secreting Breast Cancer Cell Line, Expresses an Immune Signature and Directly Activates CD4Frontiers in immunology · 2018Article
- The Emerging Role of CD244 Signaling in Immune Cells of the Tumor Microenvironment.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Review
- Telomere Dynamics in Immune Senescence and Exhaustion Triggered by Chronic Viral Infection.Viruses · 2017Review
- Article
- T cell exhaustion: from pathophysiological basics to tumor immunotherapy.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2017Review
- Fine-tuning of CD8(+) T-cell effector functions by targeting the 2B4-CD48 interaction.Immunology and cell biology · 2016Article
- Selective Loss of Signaling Lymphocytic Activation Molecule Family Member 4-Positive CD8+ T Cells Contributes to the Decreased Cytotoxic Cell Activity in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2016Article
- Clinical blockade of PD1 and LAG3--potential mechanisms of action.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2015Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
CD8+ T cell response is important in the response to viral infections; this response though is regulated by inhibitory receptors. Expression of inhibitory receptors has been positively correlated with CD8+ T cell exhaustion; the consequent effect of simultaneous blockade of these inhibitory receptors on CD8+ T cell response in viral infections have been studied, however, the role of individual blockade of receptor-ligand pair is unclear. 2B4/CD48 interaction is involved in CD8+T cell regulation, its signal transducer SAP (signaling lymphocyte activation molecule (SLAM)-associated protein) is required for stimulatory function of 2B4/CD244 on lymphocytes hence, we analyzed 2B4/CD244 (natural killer cell receptor) and SAP (signaling lymphocyte activation molecule(SLAM)-associated protein) on total CD8+ and HTLV-1 specific CD8+T cells in HTLV-1 infection and the effect of blockade of interaction with ligand CD48 on HTLV-1 specific CD8+ T cell function. We observed a high expression of 2B4/CD244 on CD8+ T cells relative to uninfected and further upregulation on HTLV-1 specific CD8+ T cells. 2B4+ CD8+ T cells exhibited more of an effector and terminally differentiated memory phenotype. Blockade of 2B4/CD48 interaction resulted in improvement in function via perforin expression and degranulation as measured by CD107a surface mobilization on HTLV-1 specific CD8+ T cells. In the light of these findings, we thus propose an inhibitory role for 2B4/CD48 interaction on CD8+T cell function.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.