Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24503619›Full record

ArticleJournal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD2014

Subregional basal forebrain atrophy in Alzheimer's disease: a multicenter study.

Ingo Kilimann, Michel Grothe, Helmut Heinsen, Eduardo Joaquim Lopez Alho, Lea Grinberg, Edson Amaro, Gláucia Aparecida Bento Dos Santos, Rafael Emídio da Silva, Alex J Mitchell, Giovanni B Frisoni and 6 more

Open access · greenAbstract readMulticenter Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 127 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
127citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
8.3field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

127 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 242 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  13. Sex differences in neuromodulatory subcortical systems and their implications for Alzheimer's disease.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026
    Review
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Mesial temporal tau pathology impacts basal forebrain degeneration in early Alzheimer's disease.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Brain and retina in Alzheimer's disease: Pathological intersections and estimates from imaging.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025
    Review

67 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors at 9 institutions in 6 countries.

Ingo KilimannGerman Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Rostock/Greifswald, Rostock, Germany Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany.
Michel GrotheGerman Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Rostock/Greifswald, Rostock, Germany.
Helmut HeinsenLaboratory of Morphological Brain Research, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
Eduardo Joaquim Lopez AlhoLaboratory of Morphological Brain Research, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
Lea GrinbergDepartment of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, USA Aging Brain Study Group, LIM-22, Department of Pathology, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
Edson AmaroDepartment of Radiology, University of Sao Paulo, Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
Gláucia Aparecida Bento Dos SantosDepartment of Radiology, University of Sao Paulo, Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
Rafael Emídio da SilvaDepartment of Radiology, University of Sao Paulo, Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
Alex J MitchellDepartment of Psycho-oncology, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
Giovanni B FrisoniLENITEM Laboratory of Epidemiology, Neuroimaging and Telemedicine, IRCCS Centro San Giovanni di Dio, FBF, Brescia, Italy.
Arun L W BokdeCognitive Systems Group, Discipline of Psychiatry, School of Medicine and Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience (TCIN), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
Andreas FellgiebelDepartment of Psychiatry, University Medical Center of Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
Massimo FilippiNeuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, Scientific Institute and University "Vita-Salute" San Raffaele, Mailand, Italy.
Harald HampelDepartment of Psychiatry, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany.
Stefan KlöppelDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Freiburg Brain Imaging, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Stefan J TeipelGerman Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Rostock/Greifswald, Rostock, Germany Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany.
Universidade de São Paulo · BRGerman Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases · DEUniversity of Würzburg · DECentro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli · ITGoethe University Frankfurt · DEJohannes Gutenberg University Mainz · DETrinity College Dublin · IEUniversity Medical Center Freiburg · DEUniversity of Leicester · GB

Funding

Brainstem as an early site in AD and FTLD: closing the etiopathogenic gapR01AG040311 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI GRINBERG, LEA TENENHOLZ · 2011 to 2015
$2.0M
NIA NIH HHS R01 AG040311NIA NIH HHS R01AG040311
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Histopathological studies in Alzheimer's disease (AD) suggest severe and region-specific neurodegeneration of the basal forebrain cholinergic system (BFCS). Here, we studied the between-center reliability and diagnostic accuracy of MRI-based BFCS volumetry in a large multicenter data set, including participants with prodromal (n = 41) or clinically manifest AD (n = 134) and 148 cognitively healthy controls. Atrophy was determined using voxel-based and region-of-interest based analyses of high-dimensionally normalized MRI scans using a newly created map of the BFCS based on postmortem in cranio MRI and histology. The AD group showed significant volume reductions of all subregions of the BFCS, which were most pronounced in the posterior nucleus basalis Meynert (NbM). The mild cognitive impairment-AD group showed pronounced volume reductions in the posterior NbM, but preserved volumes of anterior-medial regions. Diagnostic accuracy of posterior NbM volume was superior to hippocampus volume in both groups, despite higher multicenter variability of the BFCS measurements. The data of our study suggest that BFCS morphometry may provide an emerging biomarker in AD.

Indexed as

AgedAged, 80 and overAlzheimer DiseaseAnalysis of VarianceAtrophyBasal ForebrainCognitive DysfunctionFemaleHumansMagnetic Resonance ImagingMaleMental Status ScheduleMiddle AgedPostmortem ChangesAtrophybiomarkercholinergic systemdementiaEuropean DTI Study on Dementia

Identifiers

PMID24503619
PMCPMC4120953
OpenAlexW1521617494

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.