Trial reportThe American journal of clinical nutrition2014
Plasma and breast-milk selenium in HIV-infected Malawian mothers are positively associated with infant selenium status but are not associated with maternal supplementation: results of the Breastfeeding, Antiretrovirals, and Nutrition study.
Trial report in The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Selenium concentrations in expressed human milk: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2024Pooled it
- Nutritional supplements and mother's milk composition: a systematic review of interventional studies.International breastfeeding journal · 2021Pooled it
- Lipid-based nutrient supplements for maternal, birth, and infant developmental outcomes.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2018Pooled it
- A Multicountry Analysis of Maternal Selenium Status in Pregnancy and Lactation and Infant Birth Outcomes: Findings from the Women First Maternal Preconception Study.The Journal of nutrition · 2026Trial
- Reference Values for Minerals in Human Milk: the Mothers, Infants and Lactation Quality (MILQ) Study.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2025Article
- Longitudinal Changes in Human Milk Minerals and Vitamins in the Chinese Population: A Scoping Review.Nutrients · 2024Article
- Selenium Status of Southern Africa.Nutrients · 2024Review
- Nutritional Status of Breastfeeding Mothers and Impact of Diet and Dietary Supplementation: A Narrative Review.Nutrients · 2024Review
- Review
- Linkages between soil, crop, livestock, and human selenium status in Sub-Saharan Africa: a scoping review.International journal of food science & technology · 2022Article
- Provision of Small-Quantity Lipid-Based Nutrient Supplements Increases Plasma Selenium Concentration in Pregnant Women in Malawi: A Secondary Outcome of a Randomized Controlled Trial.Current developments in nutrition · 2022Article
- Prescription of Antibacterial Drugs for HIV-Exposed, Uninfected Infants, Malawi, 2004-2010.Emerging infectious diseases · 2019Article
- Micronutrients in Human Milk: Analytical Methods.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2018Review
- Overview of Nutrients in Human Milk.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2018Review
- Limitations of the Evidence Base Used to Set Recommended Nutrient Intakes for Infants and Lactating Women.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2018Review
- They Are What You Eat: Can Nutritional Factors during Gestation and Early Infancy Modulate the Neonatal Immune Response?Frontiers in immunology · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundSelenium is found in soils and is essential for human antioxidant defense and immune function. In Malawi, low soil selenium and dietary intakes coupled with low plasma selenium concentrations in HIV infection could have negative consequences for the health of HIV-infected mothers and their exclusively breastfed infants.
objectiveWe tested the effects of lipid-based nutrient supplements (LNS) that contained 1.3 times the Recommended Dietary Allowance of sodium selenite and antiretroviral drugs (ARV) on maternal plasma and breast-milk selenium concentrations.
designHIV-infected Malawian mothers in the Breastfeeding, Antiretrovirals, and Nutrition study were randomly assigned at delivery to receive: LNS, ARV, LNS and ARV, or a control. In a subsample of 526 mothers and their uninfected infants, we measured plasma and breast-milk selenium concentrations at 2 or 6 (depending on the availability of infant samples) and 24 wk postpartum.
resultsOverall, mean (± SD) maternal (range: 81.2 ± 20.4 to 86.2 ± 19.9 μg/L) and infant (55.6 ± 16.3 to 61.0 ± 15.4 μg/L) plasma selenium concentrations increased, whereas breast-milk selenium concentrations declined (14.3 ± 11.5 to 9.8 ± 7.3 μg/L) from 2 or 6 to 24 wk postpartum (all P < 0.001). Compared with the highest baseline selenium tertile, low and middle tertiles were positively associated with a change in maternal plasma or breast-milk selenium from 2 or 6 to 24 wk postpartum (both P < 0.001). With the use of linear regression, we showed that LNS that contained selenium and ARV were not associated with changes in maternal plasma and breast-milk selenium, but maternal selenium concentrations were positively associated with infant plasma selenium at 2 or 6 and 24 wk postpartum (P < 0.001) regardless of the study arm.
conclusionsSelenite supplementation of HIV-infected Malawian women was not associated with a change in their plasma or breast-milk selenium concentrations. Future research should examine effects of more readily incorporated forms of selenium (ie, selenomethionine) in HIV-infected breastfeeding women.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.