Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24499709›Full record

ReviewMolecular pharmacology2014

Adrenaline rush: the role of adrenergic receptors in stimulant-induced behaviors.

Karl T Schmidt, David Weinshenker

Open access · bronzeAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Molecular pharmacology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
43citing papers in PubMed
4.3field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

43 citing papers in PubMed, 80 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Safety and cognitive pharmacodynamics following dose escalations with 3-methylmethcathinone (3-MMC): a first in human, designer drug study.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2025
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  13. AlphaFrontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2022
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  18. Locus coeruleus: a new look at the blue spot.Nature reviews. Neuroscience · 2020
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Karl T SchmidtDepartment of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
David Weinshenker
Emory University · US

Funding

TRAINING IN SYSTEMS AND INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY:NEUROSCIENCET32GM008605 · NIGMS · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI SMITH, YOLAND · 1996 to 2015
$4.2M
Effects of voluntary exercise on reinstatement of cocaine seekingR01DA027535 · NIDA · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI HOLMES, PHILIP V, WEINSHENKER, DAVID · 2010 to 2014
$1.9M
Mechanism of Disulfiram-Induced Cocaine AbstinenceR01DA017963 · NIDA · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI WEINSHENKER, DAVID · 2006 to 2009
$1.3M
Training Program in Human Disease GeneticsT32MH087977 · NIMH · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI WARREN, STEPHEN T. · 2009 to 2013
$1.3M
Reinstatement of cocaine seeking by social defeatR03DA034867 · NIDA · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI WEINSHENKER, DAVID · 2013 to 2014
$156k
NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA017963NIDA NIH HHS R01-DA017963NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA027535NIDA NIH HHS R01-DA027535NIDA NIH HHS R03 DA034867NIDA NIH HHS R03-DA034867NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM008605NIMH NIH HHS 5T32-MH087977-05NIMH NIH HHS T32 MH087977
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Psychostimulants, such as cocaine and amphetamines, act primarily through the monoamine neurotransmitters dopamine (DA), norepinephrine, and serotonin. Although stimulant addiction research has largely focused on DA, medication development efforts targeting the dopaminergic system have thus far been unsuccessful, leading to alternative strategies aimed at abating stimulant abuse. Noradrenergic compounds have shown promise in altering the behavioral effects of stimulants in rodents, nonhuman primates, and humans. In this review, we discuss the contribution of each adrenergic receptor (AR) subtype (α1, α2, and β) to five stimulant-induced behaviors relevant to addiction: locomotor activity, conditioned place preference, anxiety, discrimination, and self-administration. AR manipulation has diverse effects on these behaviors; each subtype profoundly influences outcomes in some paradigms but is inconsequential in others. The functional neuroanatomy and intracellular signaling mechanisms underlying the impact of AR activation/blockade on these behaviors remain largely unknown, presenting a new frontier for research on psychostimulant-AR interactions.

Indexed as

AmphetamineAnimalsAnxietyAvoidance LearningBehavior, AddictiveBehavior, AnimalCentral Nervous System StimulantsCocaineConditioning, ClassicalDiscrimination, PsychologicalMotor ActivityReceptors, AdrenergicReceptors, Adrenergic, alpha-1Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-2Receptors, Adrenergic, betaSelf AdministrationAmphetamineCentral Nervous System StimulantsCocaineReceptors, AdrenergicReceptors, Adrenergic, alpha-1Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-2Receptors, Adrenergic, beta

Identifiers

PMID24499709
PMCPMC3965894
OpenAlexW2114864255

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.