Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24498404›Full record

Trial reportPloS one2014

Long-term effect of a school-based physical activity program (KISS) on fitness and adiposity in children: a cluster-randomized controlled trial.

Ursina Meyer, Christian Schindler, Lukas Zahner, Dominique Ernst, Helge Hebestreit, Willem van Mechelen, Hans-Peter Brunner-La Rocca, Nicole Probst-Hensch, Jardena J Puder, Susi Kriemler

Abstract readComparative StudyRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 59 papers, 23 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
59citing papers in PubMed, 23 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

59 citing papers in PubMed, 23 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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  6. Interventions to prevent obesity in children aged 5 to 11 years old.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2024
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  17. A developmental cascade perspective of paediatric obesity: A systematic review of preventive interventions from infancy through late adolescence.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2020
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  20. Interventions for preventing obesity in children.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2019
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Ursina MeyerSwiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland ; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland ; Department of Human Movement Science, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Christian SchindlerSwiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland ; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
Lukas ZahnerInstitute of Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
Dominique ErnstSwiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland ; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
Helge HebestreitUniversity Children's Hospital Würzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany.
Willem van MechelenDepartment of Public and Occupational Health and EMGO+ Institute, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Hans-Peter Brunner-La RoccaDepartment of Cardiology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Nicole Probst-HenschSwiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland ; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
Jardena J PuderSwiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland.
Susi KriemlerSwiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland ; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland ; Service of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudoise, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSchool-based intervention studies promoting a healthy lifestyle have shown favorable immediate health effects. However, there is a striking paucity on long-term follow-ups. The aim of this study was therefore to assess the 3 yr-follow-up of a cluster-randomized controlled school-based physical activity program over nine month with beneficial immediate effects on body fat, aerobic fitness and physical activity. METHODS AND

findingsInitially, 28 classes from 15 elementary schools in Switzerland were grouped into an intervention (16 classes from 9 schools, n = 297 children) and a control arm (12 classes from 6 schools, n = 205 children) after stratification for grade (1st and 5th graders). Three years after the end of the multi-component physical activity program of nine months including daily physical education (i.e. two additional lessons per week on top of three regular lessons), short physical activity breaks during academic lessons, and daily physical activity homework, 289 (58%) participated in the follow-up. Primary outcome measures included body fat (sum of four skinfolds), aerobic fitness (shuttle run test), physical activity (accelerometry), and quality of life (questionnaires). After adjustment for grade, gender, baseline value and clustering within classes, children in the intervention arm compared with controls had a significantly higher average level of aerobic fitness at follow-up (0.373 z-score units [95%-CI: 0.157 to 0.59, p = 0.001] corresponding to a shift from the 50th to the 65th percentile between baseline and follow-up), while the immediate beneficial effects on the other primary outcomes were not sustained.

conclusionsApart from aerobic fitness, beneficial effects seen after one year were not maintained when the intervention was stopped. A continuous intervention seems necessary to maintain overall beneficial health effects as reached at the end of the intervention.

trial registrationControlledTrials.com ISRCTN15360785.

Indexed as

School Health ServicesAdiposityAgedBody Mass IndexCase-Control StudiesChildExerciseFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHealth PromotionHumansLife StyleMaleObesityPrognosisSurveys and Questionnaires

Identifiers

PMID24498404
PMCPMC3912178

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.