ArticleHepatology (Baltimore, Md.)2014
Human bile contains microRNA-laden extracellular vesicles that can be used for cholangiocarcinoma diagnosis.
Article in Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.), 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 117 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
117 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 223 citations in OpenAlex.
- Biomarkers for the Diagnosis of Cholangiocarcinoma: A Systematic Review.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2018Pooled it
- Advances in In Vitro Diagnostics for Cholangiocarcinoma: From Biomarker Discovery to Artificial Intelligence.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Diagnostic and prognostic significance of circulating extracellular vesicles in gastrointestinal cancers.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026Review
- Emerging Biomarker Potential of Extracellular Vesicle-Enclosed MicroRNAs for Liver Fibrosis Detection.Cells · 2025Review
- Endoscopic liquid biopsy of bile: superior diagnostic and prognostic performance of bile-derived exosomal miR-21-5p for biliary tract cancers.Journal of gastroenterology · 2025Article
- Self-Calibrated Stimulated Raman Scattering Spectroscopy for Rapid Cholangiocarcinoma Diagnosis.Analytical chemistry · 2025Article
- Exploring microRNAs in Bile Duct Stents as Diagnostic Biomarkers for Biliary Pathologies.Cancers · 2025Article
- Cholangiocarcinoma: The era of liquid biopsy.World journal of gastroenterology · 2025Review
- Extracellular Vesicles Delivered by a Nanofiber-Hydrogel Composite Enhance Healing In Vivo in a Model of Crohn's Disease Perianal Fistula.Advanced healthcare materials · 2025Article
- The Search for Risk, Diagnostic, and Prognostic Biomarkers of Cholangiocarcinoma and Their Biological and Clinicopathologic Significance.The American journal of pathology · 2025Review
- Recent Advancement in Diagnosis of Biliary Tract Cancer through Pathological and Molecular Classifications.Cancers · 2024Review
- Article
- Cholangiocarcinoma: Recent Advances in Molecular Pathobiology and Therapeutic Approaches.Cancers · 2024Review
- Liquid Liver Biopsy for Disease Diagnosis and Prognosis.Journal of clinical and translational hepatology · 2023Review
- The Arising Role of Extracellular Vesicles in Cholangiocarcinoma: A Rundown of the Current Knowledge Regarding Diagnostic and Therapeutic Approaches.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Cartilage oligomeric matrix protein overexpression is an independent poor prognostic indicator in patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis-Associated Cholangiocarcinoma: From Pathogenesis to Diagnostic and Surveillance Strategies.Cancers · 2023Review
- Extracellular Vesicles in Liver Transplantation: Current Evidence and Future Challenges.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Identification of a novel bile marker clusterin and a public online prediction platform based on deep learning for cholangiocarcinoma.BMC medicine · 2023Article
- Extracellular Vesicles in Hepatobiliary Health and Disease.Comprehensive Physiology · 2023Review
57 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
33 authors at 9 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
Abstract
unlabelledCholangiocarcinoma (CCA) presents significant diagnostic challenges, resulting in late patient diagnosis and poor survival rates. Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) patients pose a particularly difficult clinical dilemma because they harbor chronic biliary strictures that are difficult to distinguish from CCA. MicroRNAs (miRs) have recently emerged as a valuable class of diagnostic markers; however, thus far, neither extracellular vesicles (EVs) nor miRs within EVs have been investigated in human bile. We aimed to comprehensively characterize human biliary EVs, including their miR content. We have established the presence of extracellular vesicles in human bile. In addition, we have demonstrated that human biliary EVs contain abundant miR species, which are stable and therefore amenable to the development of disease marker panels. Furthermore, we have characterized the protein content, size, numbers, and size distribution of human biliary EVs. Utilizing multivariate organization of combinatorial alterations (MOCA), we defined a novel biliary vesicle miR-based panel for CCA diagnosis that demonstrated a sensitivity of 67% and specificity of 96%. Importantly, our control group contained 13 PSC patients, 16 with biliary obstruction of varying etiologies (including benign biliary stricture, papillary stenosis, choledocholithiasis, extrinsic compression from pancreatic cysts, and cholangitis), and 3 with bile leak syndromes. Clinically, these types of patients present with a biliary obstructive clinical picture that could be confused with CCA.
conclusionThese findings establish the importance of using extracellular vesicles, rather than whole bile, for developing miR-based disease markers in bile. Finally, we report on the development of a novel bile-based CCA diagnostic panel that is stable, reproducible, and has potential clinical utility.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.