ArticleMacromolecules2013
Mechanical Properties and Degradation of Chain and Step Polymerized Photodegradable Hydrogels.
Article in Macromolecules, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 65 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
65 citing papers in PubMed, 195 citations in OpenAlex.
- Digital Printing of Photoreversible Protective Films.Macromolecular rapid communications · 2026Article
- Tomographic Printing in a Chip: A Versatile Platform for Biomimetic 3D Organ-on-Chip.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Article
- PEG-Based Living Hydrogels Engineered for Tunable Production of Bioactive Lipopeptides.ACS applied polymer materials · 2026Article
- In Situ Characterisation of Hydrogels via Dynamic Interface Printing.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- From Light to Life: Molecular Mechanisms and Macroscopic Transformations in Photoresponsive Hydrogels.Polymer science & technology (Washington, D.C.) · 2025Review
- Ionic Liquid-Mediated Delivery of Ruxolitinib to Skin Using an Adhesive Topical Hydrogel System.Advanced healthcare materials · 2025Article
- Photodegradable Hydrogel Matrices for Spatiotemporal Control of Bacteria Transport and Delivery.ACS applied materials & interfaces · 2025Article
- On-Demand Photodegradable and Thermo-Reversible, Soft, Transparent Dithioacetal Hydrogels.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2025Article
- Digital light processing of photoresponsive and programmable hydrogels.Science advances · 2025Article
- Light-based fabrication and 4D customization of hydrogel biomaterials.Nature reviews bioengineering · 2025Article
- Photodegradable polyacrylamide tanglemers enable spatiotemporal control over chain lengthening in high-strength and low-hysteresis hydrogels.Journal of materials chemistry. B · 2025Article
- Photoresponsive Chemistries for User-Directed Hydrogel Network Modulation to Investigate Cell-Matrix Interactions.Accounts of chemical research · 2025Review
- 3D culture of neural progenitor cells in gelatin norbornene (GelNB) hydrogels: mechanical tuning and hypoxia characterization.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2025Article
- Photoinitiator-free light-mediated crosslinking of dynamic polymer and pristine protein networks.Biomaterials science · 2024Article
- Photochemical Control of Network Topology in PEG Hydrogels.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2024Article
- Transcriptional regulation of living materials via extracellular electron transfer.Nature chemical biology · 2024Article
- Photo-responsive decellularized small intestine submucosa hydrogels.Advanced functional materials · 2024Article
- Light from Afield: Fast, High-Resolution, and Layer-Free Deep Vat 3D Printing.Chemical reviews · 2024Review
- Stimuli-responsive Biomaterials for Tissue Engineering Applications.Current pharmaceutical biotechnology · 2024Review
- Injectable hydrogels in central nervous system: Unique and novel platforms for promoting extracellular matrix remodeling and tissue engineering.Materials today. Bio · 2023Review
5 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The relationship between polymeric hydrogel microstructure and macroscopic properties is of specific interest to the materials science and polymer science communities for the rational design of materials for targeted applications. Specifically, research has focused on elucidating the role of network formation and connectivity on mechanical integrity and degradation behavior. Here, we compared the mechanical properties of chain and step polymerized, photodegradable hydrogels. Increased ductility, tensile toughness, shear strain to yield were observed in step polymerized hydrogels, as compared to the chain polymerized gels, indicating that increased homogeneity and network cooperativity in the gel backbone improves mechanical integrity. Furthermore, the ability to degrade the hydrogels in a controlled fashion with light was exploited to explore how hydrogel microstructure influences photodegradation and erosion. Here, the decreased network connectivity at the junction points in the step polymerized gels resulted in more rapid erosion. Finally, a relationship between the reverse gelation threshold and erosion rate was developed for the general class of photodegradable hydrogels. In all, these studies further elucidate the relationship between hydrogel formation and microarchitecture with macroscale behavior to facilitate the future design of polymer networks, degradable hydrogels, as well as photoresponsive materials as cell culture templates, drug delivery vehicles, responsive coatings, and anisotropic materials.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.