ArticleNeuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology2014
Dissociable contributions of anterior cingulate cortex and basolateral amygdala on a rodent cost/benefit decision-making task of cognitive effort.
Article in Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 60 papers.
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Who cites it
60 citing papers in PubMed.
- Negative Mood States Correlate with Laterobasal Amygdala in Collegiate Football Players.BioMed research international · 2018Trial
- Effects of chemotherapy on cognitive and physical effort-based decision-making tasks in rats.Psychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Review
- Shared and distinct features of common effort-based decision-making paradigms and their relation to brain structure and neuropsychiatric conditions: An integrated narrative review.Cognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience · 2026Review
- Training Schedule Affects Operant Responding Independent of Motivation in the Neuroligin-3 R451C Mouse Model of Autism.Genes, brain, and behavior · 2025Article
- The cingulate cortex facilitates auditory perception under challenging listening conditions.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- A Common Stay-on-Goal Mechanism in the Anterior Cingulate Cortex for Information and Effort Choices.eNeuro · 2025Article
- Generalized Encoding of the Relative Subjective Value of Cognitive Effort in the Dorsal ACC.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2024Article
- Developmental exposure to 17-α-hydroxyprogesterone caproate disrupts decision-making in adult female rats: A potential role for a dopaminergic mechanism.Hormones and behavior · 2024Article
- Optogenetic Inhibition of Rat Anterior Cingulate Cortex Impairs the Ability to Initiate and Stay on Task.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2024Article
- Article
- Exogenous Cannabinoids Impair Effort-Related Decision-Making via Affecting Neural Synchronization between the Anterior Cingulate Cortex and Nucleus Accumbens.Brain sciences · 2023Article
- Differential processing of decision information in subregions of rodent medial prefrontal cortex.eLife · 2023Article
- Brain structure and working memory adaptations associated with maturation and aging in mice.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2023Article
- Brain stimulation over dorsomedial prefrontal cortex modulates effort-based decision making.Cognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience · 2022Article
- Gains and Losses Affect Learning Differentially at Low and High Attentional Load.Journal of cognitive neuroscience · 2022Article
- Prenatal dexamethasone exposure alters effort decision making and triggers nucleus accumbens and anterior cingulate cortex functional changes in male rats.Translational psychiatry · 2022Article
- GABANeuropharmacology · 2022Article
- Aversive motivation and cognitive control.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2022Review
- Activation of basolateral amygdala to anterior cingulate cortex circuit alleviates MK-801 induced social and cognitive deficits of schizophrenia.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2022Article
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3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Personal success often requires the choice to expend greater effort for larger rewards, and deficits in such effortful decision making accompany a number of illnesses including depression, schizophrenia, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Animal models have implicated brain regions such as the basolateral amygdala (BLA) and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) in physical effort-based choice, but disentangling the unique contributions of these two regions has proven difficult, and effort demands in industrialized society are predominantly cognitive in nature. Here we utilize the rodent cognitive effort task (rCET), a modification of the five-choice serial reaction-time task, wherein animals can choose to expend greater visuospatial attention to obtain larger sucrose rewards. Temporary inactivation (via baclofen-muscimol) of BLA and ACC showed dissociable effects: BLA inactivation caused hard-working rats to 'slack off' and 'slacker' rats to work harder, whereas ACC inactivation caused all animals to reduce willingness to expend mental effort. Furthermore, BLA inactivation increased the time needed to make choices, whereas ACC inactivation increased motor impulsivity. These data illuminate unique contributions of BLA and ACC to effort-based decision making, and imply overlapping yet distinct circuitry for cognitive vs physical effort. Our understanding of effortful decision making may therefore require expanding our models beyond purely physical costs.
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