ArticleMenopause (New York, N.Y.)2014
Investigation of menopausal stage and symptoms on cognition in human immunodeficiency virus-infected women.
Article in Menopause (New York, N.Y.), 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 56 citations in OpenAlex.
- Associations Between Depressive Symptoms and Memory Functions in Persons with HIV: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Neuropsychology review · 2026Pooled it
- Sex Differences in Neurocognitive Function in Adults with HIV: Patterns, Predictors, and Mechanisms.Current psychiatry reports · 2019Pooled it
- Low-Dose Hydrocortisone and Cognition in Women With HIV: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2026Trial
- Geriatric syndromes in women living with HIV.Current opinion in HIV and AIDS · 2026Review
- Multiplexing Proteomic and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis of Attention/Working Memory in Virally Suppressed Women with HIV: A Feasibility Study.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Identifying and distinguishing cognitive profiles among virally suppressed people with HIV.Neuropsychology · 2024Article
- Article
- Cognitive performance in a South African cohort of people with HIV and comorbid major depressive disorder.Journal of neurovirology · 2022Article
- Internalized HIV-Related Stigma and Neurocognitive Functioning Among Women Living with HIV.AIDS patient care and STDs · 2022Article
- Class-Based Antiretroviral Exposure and Cognition Among Women Living with HIV.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2022Article
- Difference in the neurocognitive functions of WLWH and MLWH in an Italian cohort of people living with HIV.Journal of neurovirology · 2022Article
- The Association of Reproductive Aging with Cognitive Function in Sub-Saharan African Women.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2022Review
- A Lifecourse Perspective on Female Sex-Specific Risk Factors for Later Life Cognition.Current neurology and neuroscience reports · 2021Review
- Cognitive changes during the menopausal transition: a longitudinal study in women with and without HIV.Menopause (New York, N.Y.) · 2021Article
- Neurocognitive Complications of HIV Infection in Women: Insights from the WIHS Cohort.Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · 2021Review
- Patterns and Predictors of Cognitive Function Among Virally Suppressed Women With HIV.Frontiers in neurology · 2021Article
- Factors Predicting Detrimental Change in Declarative Memory Among Women With HIV: A Study of Heterogeneity in Cognition.Frontiers in psychology · 2020Article
- Glucocorticoid-immune response to acute stress in women and men living with HIV.Journal of behavioral medicine · 2019Article
- Ecological momentary assessment of HIV versus reproductive health symptoms in women of differing reproductive stages living with HIV.Menopause (New York, N.Y.) · 2019Article
- Sex differences in neurocognitive screening among adults living with HIV in China.Journal of neurovirology · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 9 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveWe evaluated the separate and interactive associations of menopausal stage, menopausal symptoms, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection with cognition. We hypothesized that HIV-infected perimenopausal women would show the greatest cognitive difficulties and that menopausal symptoms would be inversely associated with cognition.
methodsThis cross-sectional study included 708 HIV-infected and 278 HIV-uninfected premenopausal, perimenopausal, or postmenopausal women (64% African American; median age, 44 y) from the Women's Interagency HIV Study. Participants completed tests of verbal learning and memory, attention/processing speed, and executive function. We administered a menopausal symptom questionnaire that assessed anxiety, vasomotor, and sleep symptoms and obtained measures of depressive symptoms.
resultsIn multivariable regression analyses controlling for relevant covariates, HIV infection, but not menopausal stage, was associated with worse performance on all cognitive measures (P's < 0.05). Depressive symptoms were associated with lower cognitive performance on measures of verbal learning and memory, attention, and executive function (P's < 0.05); anxiety symptoms were associated with lower performance on measures of verbal learning and memory (P's < 0.05). Vasomotor symptoms were associated with worse attention (P < 0.05). HIV and anxiety symptoms interacted to influence verbal learning (P's < 0.05); elevated anxiety was associated with worse verbal learning in HIV-infected women only.
conclusionsVasomotor, depressive, and anxiety symptoms, but not menopausal stage, are associated with worse cognitive performance in both HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected women, although elevated anxiety symptoms are more associated with verbal learning deficits in HIV-infected women. Because cognitive problems can interfere with everyday functioning, including treatment adherence, it may be important to screen and treat anxiety in HIV-infected women.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.