Trial reportStem cells translational medicine2014
Chemically induced specification of retinal ganglion cells from human embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells.
Trial report in Stem cells translational medicine, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 56 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
56 citing papers in PubMed.
- Human pluripotent stem cell-derived retinal ganglion cells: advances in differentiation and translational applications.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2025Review
- Visual Neurorestoration: An Expert Review of Current Strategies for Restoring Vision in Humans.Brain sciences · 2025Review
- Review
- Generation of Retinal Ganglion Cells from Reprogrammed Keratocytes of Non-Glaucoma and Glaucoma Donors.Current protocols · 2025Article
- Using Small Molecules to Reprogram RPE Cells in Regenerative Medicine for Degenerative Eye Disease.Cells · 2024Review
- Exploring gellan gum-based hydrogels for regenerating human embryonic stem cells in age-related macular degeneration therapy: A literature review.Regenerative therapy · 2024Review
- Rapid and efficient generation of a transplantable population of functional retinal ganglion cells from fibroblasts.Cell proliferation · 2024Article
- Retinal ganglion cell repopulation for vision restoration in optic neuropathy: a roadmap from the RReSTORe Consortium.Molecular neurodegeneration · 2023Review
- Establishing Functional Retina in a Dish: Progress and Promises of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Based Retinal Neuron Differentiation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Low-dose radiation induces unstable gene expression in developing human iPSC-derived retinal ganglion organoids.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Abnormal morphology and function in retinal ganglion cells derived from patients-specific iPSCs generated from individuals with Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy.Human molecular genetics · 2023Article
- A bibliometric analysis of the application of stem cells in glaucoma research from 1999 to 2022.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2023Article
- Influence of hypoxia on retinal progenitor and ganglion cells in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived retinal organoids.International journal of ophthalmology · 2023Article
- Differentiation of Human Embryonic/Induced-Pluripotent Stem Cells to Retinal Ganglion Cells.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2023Article
- Advances in cell therapies using stem cells/progenitors as a novel approach for neurovascular repair of the diabetic retina.Stem cell research & therapy · 2022Review
- Intrinsic Morphologic and Physiologic Development of Human Derived Retinal Ganglion Cells In Vitro.Translational vision science & technology · 2021Article
- The Role of Small Molecules and Their Effect on the Molecular Mechanisms of Early Retinal Organoid Development.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Retinal Ganglion Cell Transplantation: Approaches for Overcoming Challenges to Functional Integration.Cells · 2021Review
- Advances in Regeneration of Retinal Ganglion Cells and Optic Nerves.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) is the primary pathological change for many retinal degenerative diseases. Although there is currently no effective treatment for this group of diseases, cell transplantation to replace lost RGCs holds great potential. However, for the development of cell replacement therapy, better understanding of the molecular details involved in differentiating stem cells into RGCs is essential. In this study, a novel, stepwise chemical protocol is described for the differentiation of human embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells into functional RGCs. Briefly, stem cells were differentiated into neural rosettes, which were then cultured with the Notch inhibitor N-[N-(3,5-difluorophenacetyl)-l-alanyl]-S-phenylglycine t-butyl ester (DAPT). The expression of neural and RGC markers (BRN3A, BRN3B, ATOH7/Math5, γ-synuclein, Islet-1, and THY-1) was examined. Approximately 30% of the cell population obtained expressed the neuronal marker TUJ1 as well the RGC markers. Moreover, the differentiated RGCs generated action potentials and exhibited both spontaneous and evoked excitatory postsynaptic currents, indicating that functional and mature RGCs were generated. In combination, these data demonstrate that a single chemical (DAPT) can induce PAX6/RX-positive stem cells to undergo differentiation into functional RGCs.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.