ArticleSocial cognitive and affective neuroscience2014
Hypoactive medial prefrontal cortex functioning in adults reporting childhood emotional maltreatment.
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Article in Social cognitive and affective neuroscience, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 60 papers.
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60citing papers in PubMed
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60 citing papers in PubMed, 113 citations in OpenAlex.
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- The neuropsychological impact of early childhood trauma on cognitive development: A narrative review of mechanisms, outcomes, and interventions.PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences · 2026Review
- Positive affect as a developmental mediator of early adversity and internalizing psychopathology.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2026Article
- The Impact of Error-Related Brain Activity and Parental Attachment on Youth Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms.Psychophysiology · 2026Article
- Pervasive neurovascular dysfunction in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex of female depressed suicides with a history of childhood abuse.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- The mediating effect of emotion dysregulation on the relationship between childhood maltreatment and suicidal ideation in patients with depression.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- The link between early-life adversity and later alcohol use disorder: A role for microglia?Neurobiology of stress · 2025Article
- Impact of childhood trauma on cognitive function in patients with bipolar disorder.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
- Neural correlates of stress-reactive rumination in depression - The role of childhood trauma and social anxiety.Neurobiology of stress · 2024Article
- Abnormality of anxious behaviors and functional connectivity between the amygdala and the frontal lobe in maternally deprived monkeys.Brain and behavior · 2023Article
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- Evaluation of brain structure and metabolism in currently depressed adults with a history of childhood trauma.Translational psychiatry · 2022Article
- Prospective longitudinal associations between harsh parenting and corticolimbic function during adolescence.Development and psychopathology · 2022Article
- Individual differences in threat and reward neural circuitry activation: Testing dimensional models of early adversity, anxiety and depression.The European journal of neuroscience · 2022Article
- Longitudinal Association Between Child Psychological Abuse and Neglect and Academic Achievement in Chinese Primary School Children: A Moderated Mediation Model.Frontiers in psychology · 2022Article
- Accumbofrontal tract integrity is related to early life adversity and feedback learning.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2021Article
- Migration-related trauma and mental health among migrant children emigrating from Mexico and Central America to the United States: Effects on developmental neurobiology and implications for policy.Developmental psychobiology · 2021Review
- The relationship between cortisol reactivity and emotional brain function is differently moderated by childhood trauma, in bipolar disorder, schizophrenia and healthy individuals.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2021Article
- Effects of emotional maltreatment on semantic network activity during cognitive reappraisal.Brain imaging and behavior · 2021Article
- The impact of child abuse on the neurobiology of self-processing in depressed adolescents.Neurobiology of stress · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Anne-Laura van HarmelenLeiden Institute for Brain and Cognition (LIBC), Postzone C2-S, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, the Netherlands, Clinical, Health and Neuropsychology Unit, Leiden University, Pieter de la Court Gebouw, Wassenaarseweg 52, 2333 AK Leiden, the Netherlands, Department of Developmental Psychiatry, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Box 189 Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK, CB2 2QQ, Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands, Neuro-imaging Center, University Medical Center Groningen, and Department of Psychology, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 29713 AW Groningen, the Netherlands, Medical Research Council, Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, 15 Chaucer Road, Cambridge, UK CB2 7EF, and Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, A.J. Ernststraat 1187, 1081 HL Amsterdam, the Netherlands Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition (LIBC), Postzone C2-S, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, the Netherlands, Clinical, Health and Neuropsychology Unit, Leiden University, Pieter de la Court Gebouw, Wassenaarseweg 52, 2333 AK Leiden, the Netherlands, Department of Developmental Psychiatry, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Box 189 Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK, CB2 2QQ, Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands, Neuro-imaging Center, University Medical Center Groningen, and Department of Psychology, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 29713 AW Groningen, the Netherlands, Medical Research Council, Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, 15 Chaucer Road, Cambridge, UK CB2 7EF, and Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, A.J. Ernststraat 1187, 1081 HL Amsterdam, the Netherlands Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition (LIBC), Postzone C2-S, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, the Netherlands, Clinical, Health and Neuropsychology Unit, Leiden University, Pieter de la
Marie-José van TolLeiden Institute for Brain and Cognition (LIBC), Postzone C2-S, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, the Netherlands, Clinical, Health and Neuropsychology Unit, Leiden University, Pieter de la Court Gebouw, Wassenaarseweg 52, 2333 AK Leiden, the Netherlands, Department of Developmental Psychiatry, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Box 189 Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK, CB2 2QQ, Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands, Neuro-imaging Center, University Medical Center Groningen, and Department of Psychology, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 29713 AW Groningen, the Netherlands, Medical Research Council, Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, 15 Chaucer Road, Cambridge, UK CB2 7EF, and Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, A.J. Ernststraat 1187, 1081 HL Amsterdam, the Netherlands Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition (LIBC), Postzone C2-S, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, the Netherlands, Clinical, Health and Neuropsychology Unit, Leiden University, Pieter de la Court Gebouw, Wassenaarseweg 52, 2333 AK Leiden, the Netherlands, Department of Developmental Psychiatry, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Box 189 Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK, CB2 2QQ, Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands, Neuro-imaging Center, University Medical Center Groningen, and Department of Psychology, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 29713 AW Groningen, the Netherlands, Medical Research Council, Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, 15 Chaucer Road, Cambridge, UK CB2 7EF, and Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, A.J. Ernststraat 1187, 1081 HL Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Tim DalgleishLeiden Institute for Brain and Cognition (LIBC), Postzone C2-S, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, the Netherlands, Clinical, Health and Neuropsychology Unit, Leiden University, Pieter de la Court Gebouw, Wassenaarseweg 52, 2333 AK Leiden, the Netherlands, Department of Developmental Psychiatry, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Box 189 Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK, CB2 2QQ, Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands, Neuro-imaging Center, University Medical Center Groningen, and Department of Psychology, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 29713 AW Groningen, the Netherlands, Medical Research Council, Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, 15 Chaucer Road, Cambridge, UK CB2 7EF, and Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, A.J. Ernststraat 1187, 1081 HL Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Nic J A van der WeeLeiden Institute for Brain and Cognition (LIBC), Postzone C2-S, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, the Netherlands, Clinical, Health and Neuropsychology Unit, Leiden University, Pieter de la Court Gebouw, Wassenaarseweg 52, 2333 AK Leiden, the Netherlands, Department of Developmental Psychiatry, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Box 189 Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK, CB2 2QQ, Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands, Neuro-imaging Center, University Medical Center Groningen, and Department of Psychology, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 29713 AW Groningen, the Netherlands, Medical Research Council, Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, 15 Chaucer Road, Cambridge, UK CB2 7EF, and Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, A.J. Ernststraat 1187, 1081 HL Amsterdam, the Netherlands Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition (LIBC), Postzone C2-S, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, the Netherlands, Clinical, Health and Neuropsychology Unit, Leiden University, Pieter de la Court Gebouw, Wassenaarseweg 52, 2333 AK Leiden, the Netherlands, Department of Developmental Psychiatry, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Box 189 Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK, CB2 2QQ, Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands, Neuro-imaging Center, University Medical Center Groningen, and Department of Psychology, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 29713 AW Groningen, the Netherlands, Medical Research Council, Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, 15 Chaucer Road, Cambridge, UK CB2 7EF, and Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, A.J. Ernststraat 1187, 1081 HL Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Dick J VeltmanLeiden Institute for Brain and Cognition (LIBC), Postzone C2-S, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, the Netherlands, Clinical, Health and Neuropsychology Unit, Leiden University, Pieter de la Court Gebouw, Wassenaarseweg 52, 2333 AK Leiden, the Netherlands, Department of Developmental Psychiatry, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Box 189 Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK, CB2 2QQ, Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands, Neuro-imaging Center, University Medical Center Groningen, and Department of Psychology, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 29713 AW Groningen, the Netherlands, Medical Research Council, Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, 15 Chaucer Road, Cambridge, UK CB2 7EF, and Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, A.J. Ernststraat 1187, 1081 HL Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
André AlemanLeiden Institute for Brain and Cognition (LIBC), Postzone C2-S, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, the Netherlands, Clinical, Health and Neuropsychology Unit, Leiden University, Pieter de la Court Gebouw, Wassenaarseweg 52, 2333 AK Leiden, the Netherlands, Department of Developmental Psychiatry, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Box 189 Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK, CB2 2QQ, Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands, Neuro-imaging Center, University Medical Center Groningen, and Department of Psychology, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 29713 AW Groningen, the Netherlands, Medical Research Council, Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, 15 Chaucer Road, Cambridge, UK CB2 7EF, and Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, A.J. Ernststraat 1187, 1081 HL Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Philip SpinhovenLeiden Institute for Brain and Cognition (LIBC), Postzone C2-S, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, the Netherlands, Clinical, Health and Neuropsychology Unit, Leiden University, Pieter de la Court Gebouw, Wassenaarseweg 52, 2333 AK Leiden, the Netherlands, Department of Developmental Psychiatry, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Box 189 Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK, CB2 2QQ, Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands, Neuro-imaging Center, University Medical Center Groningen, and Department of Psychology, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 29713 AW Groningen, the Netherlands, Medical Research Council, Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, 15 Chaucer Road, Cambridge, UK CB2 7EF, and Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, A.J. Ernststraat 1187, 1081 HL Amsterdam, the Netherlands Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition (LIBC), Postzone C2-S, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, the Netherlands, Clinical, Health and Neuropsychology Unit, Leiden University, Pieter de la Court Gebouw, Wassenaarseweg 52, 2333 AK Leiden, the Netherlands, Department of Developmental Psychiatry, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Box 189 Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK, CB2 2QQ, Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands, Neuro-imaging Center, University Medical Center Groningen, and Department of Psychology, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 29713 AW Groningen, the Netherlands, Medical Research Council, Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, 15 Chaucer Road, Cambridge, UK CB2 7EF, and Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, A.J. Ernststraat 1187, 1081 HL Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Brenda W J H PenninxLeiden Institute for Brain and Cognition (LIBC), Postzone C2-S, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, the Netherlands, Clinical, Health and Neuropsychology Unit, Leiden University, Pieter de la Court Gebouw, Wassenaarseweg 52, 2333 AK Leiden, the Netherlands, Department of Developmental Psychiatry, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Box 189 Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK, CB2 2QQ, Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands, Neuro-imaging Center, University Medical Center Groningen, and Department of Psychology, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 29713 AW Groningen, the Netherlands, Medical Research Council, Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, 15 Chaucer Road, Cambridge, UK CB2 7EF, and Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, A.J. Ernststraat 1187, 1081 HL Amsterdam, the Netherlands Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition (LIBC), Postzone C2-S, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, the Netherlands, Clinical, Health and Neuropsychology Unit, Leiden University, Pieter de la Court Gebouw, Wassenaarseweg 52, 2333 AK Leiden, the Netherlands, Department of Developmental Psychiatry, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Box 189 Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK, CB2 2QQ, Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands, Neuro-imaging Center, University Medical Center Groningen, and Department of Psychology, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 29713 AW Groningen, the Netherlands, Medical Research Council, Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, 15 Chaucer Road, Cambridge, UK CB2 7EF, and Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, A.J. Ernststraat 1187, 1081 HL Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Bernet M ElzingaLeiden Institute for Brain and Cognition (LIBC), Postzone C2-S, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, the Netherlands, Clinical, Health and Neuropsychology Unit, Leiden University, Pieter de la Court Gebouw, Wassenaarseweg 52, 2333 AK Leiden, the Netherlands, Department of Developmental Psychiatry, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Box 189 Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK, CB2 2QQ, Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands, Neuro-imaging Center, University Medical Center Groningen, and Department of Psychology, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 29713 AW Groningen, the Netherlands, Medical Research Council, Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, 15 Chaucer Road, Cambridge, UK CB2 7EF, and Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, A.J. Ernststraat 1187, 1081 HL Amsterdam, the Netherlands Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition (LIBC), Postzone C2-S, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, the Netherlands, Clinical, Health and Neuropsychology Unit, Leiden University, Pieter de la Court Gebouw, Wassenaarseweg 52, 2333 AK Leiden, the Netherlands, Department of Developmental Psychiatry, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Box 189 Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK, CB2 2QQ, Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands, Neuro-imaging Center, University Medical Center Groningen, and Department of Psychology, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 29713 AW Groningen, the Netherlands, Medical Research Council, Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, 15 Chaucer Road, Cambridge, UK CB2 7EF, and Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, A.J. Ernststraat 1187, 1081 HL Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
University of Cambridge · GBLeiden University Medical Center · NLUniversity of Groningen · NLLeiden University · NLUniversity Medical Center Groningen · NL
Funding
Medical Research Council MC_U105579215
Abstract
Childhood emotional maltreatment (CEM) has adverse effects on medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) morphology, a structure that is crucial for cognitive functioning and (emotional) memory and which modulates the limbic system. In addition, CEM has been linked to amygdala hyperactivity during emotional face processing. However, no study has yet investigated the functional neural correlates of neutral and emotional memory in adults reporting CEM. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we investigated CEM-related differential activations in mPFC during the encoding and recognition of positive, negative and neutral words. The sample (N = 194) consisted of patients with depression and/or anxiety disorders and healthy controls (HC) reporting CEM (n = 96) and patients and HC reporting no abuse (n = 98). We found a consistent pattern of mPFC hypoactivation during encoding and recognition of positive, negative and neutral words in individuals reporting CEM. These results were not explained by psychopathology or severity of depression or anxiety symptoms, or by gender, level of neuroticism, parental psychopathology, negative life events, antidepressant use or decreased mPFC volume in the CEM group. These findings indicate mPFC hypoactivity in individuals reporting CEM during emotional and neutral memory encoding and recognition. Our findings suggest that CEM may increase individuals' risk to the development of psychopathology on differential levels of processing in the brain; blunted mPFC activation during higher order processing and enhanced amygdala activation during automatic/lower order emotion processing. These findings are vital in understanding the long-term consequences of CEM.
Indexed as
AdultAnalysis of VarianceChildChild AbuseFemaleHumansImage Processing, Computer-AssistedMagnetic Resonance ImagingMaleMiddle AgedMood DisordersNeuropsychological TestsPrefrontal CortexPsychiatric Status Rating ScalesPsychometricsRecognition, PsychologyAnxietychildhood abusedepressionemotional maltreatmentmagnetic resonance imaging (MRI)medial prefrontal cortex (PFC)
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