Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24492433›Full record

ReviewNature reviews. Urology2014

The mechanism of action of BCG therapy for bladder cancer--a current perspective.

Gil Redelman-Sidi, Michael S Glickman, Bernard H Bochner

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Nature reviews. Urology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 408 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
408citing papers in PubMed, 5 pooled it
40.2field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

408 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 679 citations in OpenAlex.

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348 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Gil Redelman-SidiSloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, Box 9, New York, NY 10065, USA.
Michael S GlickmanSloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, Box 9, New York, NY 10065, USA.
Bernard H BochnerSloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, Box 9, New York, NY 10065, USA.
Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) has been used to treat non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer for more than 30 years. It is one of the most successful biotherapies for cancer in use. Despite long clinical experience with BCG, the mechanism of its therapeutic effect is still under investigation. Available evidence suggests that urothelial cells (including bladder cancer cells themselves) and cells of the immune system both have crucial roles in the therapeutic antitumour effect of BCG. The possible involvement of bladder cancer cells includes attachment and internalization of BCG, secretion of cytokines and chemokines, and presentation of BCG and/or cancer cell antigens to cells of the immune system. Immune system cell subsets that have potential roles in BCG therapy include CD4(+) and CD8(+) lymphocytes, natural killer cells, granulocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells. Bladder cancer cells are killed through direct cytotoxicity by these cells, by secretion of soluble factors such as TRAIL (tumour necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand), and, to some degree, by the direct action of BCG. Several gaps still exist in our knowledge that should be addressed in future efforts to understand this biotherapy of cancer.

Indexed as

Biological TherapyHumansMycobacterium bovisUrinary BladderUrinary Bladder NeoplasmsUrothelium

Identifiers

PMID24492433
OpenAlexW1966900148

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.