ArticleThe Journal of infection2014
Pandemic H1N1 virus transmission and shedding dynamics in index case households of a prospective Vietnamese cohort.
Article in The Journal of infection, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 48 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Review Article: Influenza Transmission on Aircraft: A Systematic Literature Review.Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2016Pooled it
- Review Article: The Fraction of Influenza Virus Infections That Are Asymptomatic: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2015Pooled it
- Maternal Influenza Vaccination and the Risk of Laboratory-Confirmed Influenza Among Household Contacts Under the Age of Five in Mali.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2019Trial
- Controlled human influenza infection reveals heterogeneous expulsion of infectious virus into air.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Community-based pathogen-specific incidence of influenza-like illness due to respiratory viruses in South-central Vietnam in 2009-2012: after a pandemic of influenza A viruses.Tropical medicine and health · 2025Article
- Will COVID-19 become mild, like a cold?Epidemiology and infection · 2024Review
- The role of asymptomatic infections in influenza transmission: what do we really know.The Lancet. Infectious diseases · 2024Review
- Article
- Temperature dependent viral tropism: understanding viral seasonality and pathogenicity as applied to the avoidance and treatment of endemic viral respiratory illnesses.Reviews in medical virology · 2022Review
- Household transmission of influenza A and B within a prospective cohort during the 2013-2014 and 2014-2015 seasons.Statistics in medicine · 2021Article
- Within-host evolutionary dynamics of seasonal and pandemic human influenza A viruses in young children.eLife · 2021Article
- Article
- The unique features of SARS-CoV-2 transmission: Comparison with SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV and 2009 H1N1 pandemic influenza virus.Reviews in medical virology · 2021Review
- Healthcare Resource Use and Burden Associated with Influenza Transmission Among Household Members with a Primary Infection: Commercial Claims Data Analysis.ClinicoEconomics and outcomes research : CEOR · 2021Article
- Fine-scale family structure shapes influenza transmission risk in households: Insights from primary schools in Matsumoto city, 2014/15.PLoS computational biology · 2019Article
- Article
- Household Transmission of Seasonal Influenza From HIV-Infected and HIV-Uninfected Individuals in South Africa, 2013-2014.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2019Article
- Estimating Transmission Potential of H5N1 Viruses Among Humans in Egypt Using Phylogeny, Genetic Distance and Sampling Time Interval.Frontiers in microbiology · 2019Article
- Influenza Transmission Dynamics in Urban Households, Managua, Nicaragua, 2012-2014.Emerging infectious diseases · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
16 authors at 5 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesInfluenza household transmission studies are required to guide prevention strategies but most passively recruit index cases that seek healthcare. We investigated A(H1N1)pdm09 transmission in a household-based cohort during 2009.
methodsHealth-workers visited 270 households weekly, and collected swabs from influenza-like-illness cases. If A(H1N1)pdm09 was RT-PCR-confirmed, all household members had symptoms assessed and swabs collected daily for 10-15 days. Viral RNA was quantified and sequenced and serology performed on pre-pandemic sera.
resultsIndex cases were detected in 20 households containing 81 people. 98.5% lacked A(H1N1)pdm09 neutralizing antibodies in pre-pandemic sera. Eleven (18.6%, 95% CI 10.7-30.4%) of 59 contacts were infected. Virus genetic diversity within households was negligible and less than between households. Index and secondary cases were distributed between mothers, daughters and sons, and had similar virus-RNA shedding and symptom dynamics. Fathers were rarely infected. Five secondary cases (45%) had no apparent symptoms and three shed virus before symptoms. Secondary infection was associated with index case wet cough (OR 1.56, 95% CI 1.22-1.99).
conclusionsIn this cohort of A(H1N1)pdm09 susceptible persons, virus sequencing was capable of discriminating household from community transmission. Household transmission involved mothers and children but rarely fathers. Asymptomatic or pre-symptomatic shedding was common.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.