Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24489950›Full record

ArticlePloS one2014

Neisseria gonorrhoeae modulates iron-limiting innate immune defenses in macrophages.

Susu M Zughaier, Justin L Kandler, William M Shafer

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
40citing papers in PubMed
3.1field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

40 citing papers in PubMed, 59 citations in OpenAlex.

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  6. Stealthy microbes: HowFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022
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  9. Phenotypic Changes Associated WithFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022
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  13. Anti-Virulence Therapeutic Approaches forAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021
    Review
  14. Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2021
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Infection and immunity · 2020
    Article
  17. Identification of aPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020
    Article
  18. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Susu M ZughaierDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America.
Justin L KandlerDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America.
William M ShaferDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America ; Laboratories of Microbial Pathogenesis, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia, United States of America.
Emory University · US

Funding

Dissecting the role of HVEM and BTLA in constraining the germinal center B cell responseF30AI131496 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI MINTZ, MICHELLE · 2017 to 2020
$160k
Gonococcal Mechanisms to Evade Host DefensesI01BX000112 · VA · VETERANS HEALTH ADMINISTRATION · PI SHAFER, WILLIAM MAURICE · 2009 to 2017
–
BLRD VA I01 BX000112NIAID NIH HHS F30 AI131496NIAID NIH HHS U19 AI0131496
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Neisseria gonorrhoeae is a strict human pathogen that causes the sexually transmitted infection termed gonorrhea. The gonococcus can survive extracellularly and intracellularly, but in both environments the bacteria must acquire iron from host proteins for survival. However, upon infection the host uses a defensive response by limiting the bioavailability of iron by a number of mechanisms including the enhanced expression of hepcidin, the master iron-regulating hormone, which reduces iron uptake from the gut and retains iron in macrophages. The host also secretes the antibacterial protein NGAL, which sequesters bacterial siderophores and therefore inhibits bacterial growth. To learn whether intracellular gonococci can subvert this defensive response, we examined expression of host genes that encode proteins involved in modulating levels of intracellular iron. We found that N. gonorrhoeae can survive in association (tightly adherent and intracellular) with monocytes and macrophages and upregulates a panel of its iron-responsive genes in this environment. We also found that gonococcal infection of human monocytes or murine macrophages resulted in the upregulation of hepcidin, NGAL, and NRAMP1 as well as downregulation of the expression of the gene encoding the short chain 3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (BDH2); BDH2 catalyzes the production of the mammalian siderophore 2,5-DHBA involved in chelating and detoxifying iron. Based on these findings, we propose that N. gonorrhoeae can subvert the iron-limiting innate immune defenses to facilitate iron acquisition and intracellular survival.

Indexed as

Immunity, InnateDown-RegulationHumansHydroxybutyrate DehydrogenaseIronMacrophagesNeisseria gonorrhoeaeVirulenceBDH2 protein, humanHydroxybutyrate DehydrogenaseIron

Identifiers

PMID24489950
PMCPMC3905030
OpenAlexW2021238963

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.