Observational studyPediatrics2014
Role of financial and social hardships in asthma racial disparities.
Observational study in Pediatrics, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 81 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
81 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 165 citations in OpenAlex.
- Predictors of repeated acute hospital attendance for asthma in children: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Pediatric pulmonology · 2018Pooled it
- Comparison of Telemedicine versus In-Person Visit for Control of Asthma in Children aged 7-17 years: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Indian journal of pediatrics · 2025Trial
- Cost-effectiveness of school integrated pest management and air filtration in students with asthma.Allergy and asthma proceedings · 2025Trial
- A pilot school-based health center intervention to improve asthma chronic care in high-poverty schools.The Journal of asthma : official journal of the Association for the Care of Asthma · 2022Trial
- Participant-level characteristics differ by recruitment setting when evaluating a behavioral intervention targeting adolescents with asthma.The Journal of asthma : official journal of the Association for the Care of Asthma · 2021Trial
- A computerized decision support tool to implement asthma guidelines for children and adolescents.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2019Trial
- Phenotypes of Recurrent Wheezing in Preschool Children: Identification by Latent Class Analysis and Utility in Prediction of Future Exacerbation.The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice · 2019Trial
- Effects of a 1-Time Nurse-Led Telephone Call After Pediatric Discharge: The H2O II Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA pediatrics · 2018Trial
- Lost Earnings and Nonmedical Expenses of Pediatric Hospitalizations.Pediatrics · 2018Trial
- Postdischarge Nurse Home Visits and Reuse: The Hospital to Home Outcomes (H2O) Trial.Pediatrics · 2018Trial
- Maternal Black Race and Persistent Wheezing Illness in Former Extremely Low Gestational Age Newborns: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Trial.The Journal of pediatrics · 2018Trial
- Hospital-to-home transition for children with asthma-related hospitalizations: A study protocol for a pragmatic randomized controlled trial.Journal of hospital medicine · 2026Article
- Continuum of care for patients through medical-legal partnership: improving the transition from NICU stay to home.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2026Review
- Using mHealth to Predict Asthma Exacerbations in Children and Adolescents (Mobile Health for Kids With Asthma): Protocol for an Observational Study.JMIR research protocols · 2025Article
- A Health System-Wide Approach to Addressing Unmet Social Needs Among Children With Asthma.Hospital pediatrics · 2025Article
- Integrating geospatial data with birth cohorts to explore social determinants of health and asthma.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2025Review
- School-based asthma therapy: Improving medication adherence, asthma control, and health care utilization.The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. Global · 2025Article
- Biased Language in Simulated Handoffs and Clinician Recall and Attitudes.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- Disparities in adolescent controller medication adherence, treatment barriers, and asthma control.Pediatric pulmonology · 2024Article
- Article
21 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectivesHealth care reform offers a new opportunity to address child health disparities. This study sought to characterize racial differences in pediatric asthma readmissions with a focus on the potential explanatory role of hardships that might be addressed in future patient care models.
methodsWe enrolled 774 children, aged 1 to 16 years, admitted for asthma or bronchodilator-responsive wheezing in a population-based prospective observational cohort. The outcome was time to readmission. Child race, socioeconomic status (measured by lower income and caregiver educational attainment), and hardship (caregivers looking for work, having no one to borrow money from, not owning a car or home, and being single/never married) were recorded. Analyses used Cox proportional hazards.
resultsThe cohort was 57% African American, 33% white, and 10% multiracial/other; 19% were readmitted within 12 months. After adjustment for asthma severity classification, African Americans were twice as likely to be readmitted as whites (hazard ratio: 1.98; 95% confidence interval: 1.42 to 2.77). Compared with whites, African American caregivers were significantly more likely to report lower income and educational attainment, difficulty finding work, having no one to borrow money from, not owning a car or home, and being single/never married (all P ≤ .01). Hardships explained 41% of the observed racial disparity in readmission; jointly, socioeconomic status and hardship explained 49%.
conclusionsAfrican American children were twice as likely to be readmitted as white children; hardships explained >40% of this disparity. Additional factors (eg, pollution, tobacco exposure, housing quality) may explain residual disparities. Targeted interventions could help achieve greater child health equity.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.