ReviewJournal of bacteriology2014
Germination of spores of Bacillus species: what we know and do not know.
Review in Journal of bacteriology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 197 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
197 citing papers in PubMed.
- Distinctive spore architecture and developmental biology ofJournal of bacteriology · 2026Article
- Investigation of the anti-microbial and anti-inflammatory properties of Weizmannia coagulans MBBCM9™ and formulation of a probiotic oral health product.World journal of microbiology & biotechnology · 2026Article
- YpeB stability affects germination possibly through delaying SleB activity inJournal of bacteriology · 2026Article
- A mathematical kinetic model of memory iniScience · 2026Article
- Nutrient-induced germination of Bacillus subtilis spores exhibiting shared metabolic profiles in both TSB and AGFK media.Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society · 2026Article
- Optical analysis of bacterial metabolic activity and spore germination via formazan formation.Analytical sciences : the international journal of the Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry · 2026Article
- Phycoerythrin nanoemulsion-enriched probiotic sausage: enhancing Bacillus coagulans viability via Aliinostoc sp. 2 exopolysaccharides.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Dormancy as a Signature of Microbial Community Disassembly during Hydrological Collapse in a Desert Oasis.Microbial ecology · 2026Article
- Role of Stress Response Genes in Resistance and Germination ofMicroorganisms · 2026Article
- Bacillus velezensis SQR9: a model biofertilizer strain for beneficial plant root-rhizobacterium interaction.Science China. Life sciences · 2026Review
- A comparative framework of natural nisin variants: linking genetic basis to future bioengineering applications.Microbial cell factories · 2026Review
- The CspC:CspA heterodimer transduces germinant and co-germinant signals during Clostridioides difficile spore germination.PLoS biology · 2026Article
- Genomic insights into the functional and metabolic versatility of gut microbiomeMicrobial genomics · 2026Article
- Heyndrickxia coagulans LMG S-24828 Is a Safe Probiotic Strain Capable of Germinating in the Human Gut.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2025Article
- Dormant yet dangerous: the role of cell rest in perseverance.Future microbiology · 2025Review
- Optimizing Conditions forPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Fast-growingbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Exploring the sequence and structural determinants of the energy landscape from thermodynamically stable and kinetically trapped subtilisins: ISP1 and SbtE.Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society · 2025Article
- Molecular and Biophysical Perspectives on Dormancy Breaking: Lessons from Yeast Spore.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- The Functional Network of PrkC and Its Interaction Proteins inMicroorganisms · 2025Article
137 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Spores of Bacillus species can remain in their dormant and resistant states for years, but exposure to agents such as specific nutrients can cause spores' return to life within minutes in the process of germination. This process requires a number of spore-specific proteins, most of which are in or associated with the inner spore membrane (IM). These proteins include the (i) germinant receptors (GRs) that respond to nutrient germinants, (ii) GerD protein, which is essential for GR-dependent germination, (iii) SpoVA proteins that form a channel in spores' IM through which the spore core's huge depot of dipicolinic acid is released during germination, and (iv) cortex-lytic enzymes (CLEs) that degrade the large peptidoglycan cortex layer, allowing the spore core to take up much water and swell, thus completing spore germination. While much has been learned about nutrient germination, major questions remain unanswered, including the following. (i) How do nutrient germinants penetrate through spores' outer layers to access GRs in the IM? (ii) What happens during the highly variable and often long lag period between the exposure of spores to nutrient germinants and the commitment of spores to germinate? (iii) What do GRs and GerD do, and how do these proteins interact? (iv) What is the structure of the SpoVA channel in spores' IM, and how is this channel gated? (v) What is the precise state of the spore IM, which has a number of novel properties even though its lipid composition is very similar to that of growing cells? (vi) How is CLE activity regulated such that these enzymes act only when germination has been initiated? (vii) And finally, how does the germination of spores of clostridia compare with that of spores of bacilli?
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.