ArticleJournal of bacteriology2014
The Salmonella Spi1 virulence regulatory protein HilD directly activates transcription of the flagellar master operon flhDC.
Article in Journal of bacteriology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 61 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
61 citing papers in PubMed, 91 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Loss of the flagellar regulator FlhC changes the transcriptional response of plant-associatedISME communications · 2026Article
- Structural properties of short-chain carboxylic acids and alcohols relate to the molecular and physiological response of Salmonella enterica in an acidic environment.Applied microbiology and biotechnology · 2025Article
- HilE mediates motility thermoregulation in typhoidal Salmonella serovars at elevated physiological temperatures.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Intracellular formate modulates a motility-invasion switch in Salmonella Typhimurium.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Controlling intracellular protein delivery, tumor colonization and tissue distribution using flhDC in clinically relevant ΔsseJ Salmonella.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2025Article
- Persistent Salmonella infections in humans are associated with mutations in the BarA/SirA regulatory pathway.Cell host & microbe · 2024Article
- SPI-1 virulence gene expression modulates motility of Salmonella Typhimurium in a proton motive force- and adhesins-dependent manner.PLoS pathogens · 2023Article
- Measurement of Salmonella enterica Internalization and Vacuole Lysis in Epithelial Cells.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2023Article
- Article
- Two Additional Connections between the Transcriptional Programs Controlling Invasion and Intracellular Replication of Salmonella: HilD-SprB Positively RegulatesJournal of bacteriology · 2022Article
- Article
- Regulatory Evolution of theJournal of bacteriology · 2022Article
- Targeting bacterial pathogenesis by inhibiting virulence-associated Type III and Type IV secretion systems.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Review
- Article
- Microbiota-derived metabolites inhibitProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2021Article
- YeiE Regulates Motility and Gut Colonization in Salmonella enterica Serotype Typhimurium.mBio · 2021Article
- Transcriptional Regulation of the Multiple Resistance Mechanisms inPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- An incoherent feedforward loop formed by SirA/BarA, HilE and HilD is involved in controlling the growth cost of virulence factor expression by Salmonella Typhimurium.PLoS pathogens · 2021Article
- HilE is required for synergistic activation of SPI-1 gene expression in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium.BMC microbiology · 2021Article
1 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Infection of intestinal epithelial cells is dependent on the Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium pathogenicity island 1 (Spi1)-encoded type III injectisome system and flagellar motility. Thus, the expression of virulence and flagellar genes is subject to tight regulatory control mechanisms in order to ensure the correct spatiotemporal production of the respective gene products. In this work, we reveal a new level of cross-regulation between the Spi1 and flagellar regulatory systems. Transposon mutagenesis identified a class of mutants that prevented flhDC autorepression by overexpressing HilD. HilD, HilC, RtsA, and HilA comprise a positive regulatory circuit for the expression of the Spi1 genes. Here, we report a novel transcriptional cross talk between the Spi1 and flagellar regulons where HilD transcriptionally activates flhDC gene expression by binding to nucleotides -68 to -24 upstream from the P5 transcriptional start site. We additionally show that, in contrast to the results of a previous report, HilA does not affect flagellar gene expression. Finally, we discuss a model of the cross-regulation network between Spi1 and the flagellar system and propose a regulatory mechanism via the Spi1 master regulator HilD that would prime flagellar genes for rapid reactivation during host infection.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.